Relationship between borderline personality features, emotion regulation, and non-suicidal self-injury in depressed adolescents: a cross-sectional study
Abstract Objective Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is common among adolescents and has been linked to mental disorders and suicide in addition to physical injuries. According to the empirical avoidance model, adolescents with NSSI have stronger emotional affect and poorer emotional regulation than t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2023-04-01
|
| Series: | BMC Psychiatry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-04800-1 |
| _version_ | 1797836362252025856 |
|---|---|
| author | Yang Chen Wenxian Fu Sifan Ji Wei Zhang Lingmin Sun Tingting Yang Kongliang He Yongjie Zhou |
| author_facet | Yang Chen Wenxian Fu Sifan Ji Wei Zhang Lingmin Sun Tingting Yang Kongliang He Yongjie Zhou |
| author_sort | Yang Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Objective Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is common among adolescents and has been linked to mental disorders and suicide in addition to physical injuries. According to the empirical avoidance model, adolescents with NSSI have stronger emotional affect and poorer emotional regulation than those without NSSI, and these constitute core features of borderline personality disorder (BPD). The relationship between borderline personality features, emotional regulation, and NSSI in the population is unclear. This study explored these associations to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of NSSI in the future. Methods Depressed adolescents (n = 1192) were evaluated using Chinese versions of the Function Assessment of Self-mutilation Scale, Emotional Regulation Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents, and Borderline Personality Features Scale for Children. Results The majority of depressed adolescents (71.3%, 850/1192) had demonstrated NSSI in the past year, with cutting or scratching being the most common form (57.4%). Pearson correlation analysis with NSSI as a fixed factor (NSSI = 1, no NSSI = 2) revealed a negative correlation between NSSI and borderline personality features (r = -0.314, P < 0.01) but a positive correlation between NSSI and emotional regulation capacity (r = 0.159, P < 0.01), which was positively correlated with the expression suppression dimension (r = 0.079, p < 0.01); however, there was no significant correlation between the cognitive reappraisal dimension and expression suppression (r = 0.022, p > 0.05). The occurrence of NSSI was also positively correlated with borderline personality features in general (r = 0.314, p < 0.01). These results were statistically significant. Emotional regulation played a mediating role between borderline personality traits and NSSI in adolescents with depression (effect value = 0.151). Conclusion Borderline personality features and emotional regulation ability were significantly correlated with NSSI in depressed adolescents. Borderline personality symptoms not only directly influenced NSSI risk in adolescents with depression, but also indirectly influenced NSSI risk through emotional regulation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T15:07:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8c928d7312704ba19a4bf8f080f9f675 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-244X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T15:07:35Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-8c928d7312704ba19a4bf8f080f9f6752023-04-30T11:23:34ZengBMCBMC Psychiatry1471-244X2023-04-012311810.1186/s12888-023-04800-1Relationship between borderline personality features, emotion regulation, and non-suicidal self-injury in depressed adolescents: a cross-sectional studyYang Chen0Wenxian Fu1Sifan Ji2Wei Zhang3Lingmin Sun4Tingting Yang5Kongliang He6Yongjie Zhou7Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityAnhui Mental Health CenterAnhui Mental Health CenterSchool of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical UniversitySchool of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical UniversityPsychological counseling department, Hefei Fourth People’s HospitalAffiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityShenzhen Mental Health CenterAbstract Objective Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is common among adolescents and has been linked to mental disorders and suicide in addition to physical injuries. According to the empirical avoidance model, adolescents with NSSI have stronger emotional affect and poorer emotional regulation than those without NSSI, and these constitute core features of borderline personality disorder (BPD). The relationship between borderline personality features, emotional regulation, and NSSI in the population is unclear. This study explored these associations to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of NSSI in the future. Methods Depressed adolescents (n = 1192) were evaluated using Chinese versions of the Function Assessment of Self-mutilation Scale, Emotional Regulation Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents, and Borderline Personality Features Scale for Children. Results The majority of depressed adolescents (71.3%, 850/1192) had demonstrated NSSI in the past year, with cutting or scratching being the most common form (57.4%). Pearson correlation analysis with NSSI as a fixed factor (NSSI = 1, no NSSI = 2) revealed a negative correlation between NSSI and borderline personality features (r = -0.314, P < 0.01) but a positive correlation between NSSI and emotional regulation capacity (r = 0.159, P < 0.01), which was positively correlated with the expression suppression dimension (r = 0.079, p < 0.01); however, there was no significant correlation between the cognitive reappraisal dimension and expression suppression (r = 0.022, p > 0.05). The occurrence of NSSI was also positively correlated with borderline personality features in general (r = 0.314, p < 0.01). These results were statistically significant. Emotional regulation played a mediating role between borderline personality traits and NSSI in adolescents with depression (effect value = 0.151). Conclusion Borderline personality features and emotional regulation ability were significantly correlated with NSSI in depressed adolescents. Borderline personality symptoms not only directly influenced NSSI risk in adolescents with depression, but also indirectly influenced NSSI risk through emotional regulation.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-04800-1AdolescentsNon-suicidal self-injuryBorderline personality featuresEmotional regulation |
| spellingShingle | Yang Chen Wenxian Fu Sifan Ji Wei Zhang Lingmin Sun Tingting Yang Kongliang He Yongjie Zhou Relationship between borderline personality features, emotion regulation, and non-suicidal self-injury in depressed adolescents: a cross-sectional study BMC Psychiatry Adolescents Non-suicidal self-injury Borderline personality features Emotional regulation |
| title | Relationship between borderline personality features, emotion regulation, and non-suicidal self-injury in depressed adolescents: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full | Relationship between borderline personality features, emotion regulation, and non-suicidal self-injury in depressed adolescents: a cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | Relationship between borderline personality features, emotion regulation, and non-suicidal self-injury in depressed adolescents: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Relationship between borderline personality features, emotion regulation, and non-suicidal self-injury in depressed adolescents: a cross-sectional study |
| title_short | Relationship between borderline personality features, emotion regulation, and non-suicidal self-injury in depressed adolescents: a cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | relationship between borderline personality features emotion regulation and non suicidal self injury in depressed adolescents a cross sectional study |
| topic | Adolescents Non-suicidal self-injury Borderline personality features Emotional regulation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-04800-1 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yangchen relationshipbetweenborderlinepersonalityfeaturesemotionregulationandnonsuicidalselfinjuryindepressedadolescentsacrosssectionalstudy AT wenxianfu relationshipbetweenborderlinepersonalityfeaturesemotionregulationandnonsuicidalselfinjuryindepressedadolescentsacrosssectionalstudy AT sifanji relationshipbetweenborderlinepersonalityfeaturesemotionregulationandnonsuicidalselfinjuryindepressedadolescentsacrosssectionalstudy AT weizhang relationshipbetweenborderlinepersonalityfeaturesemotionregulationandnonsuicidalselfinjuryindepressedadolescentsacrosssectionalstudy AT lingminsun relationshipbetweenborderlinepersonalityfeaturesemotionregulationandnonsuicidalselfinjuryindepressedadolescentsacrosssectionalstudy AT tingtingyang relationshipbetweenborderlinepersonalityfeaturesemotionregulationandnonsuicidalselfinjuryindepressedadolescentsacrosssectionalstudy AT konglianghe relationshipbetweenborderlinepersonalityfeaturesemotionregulationandnonsuicidalselfinjuryindepressedadolescentsacrosssectionalstudy AT yongjiezhou relationshipbetweenborderlinepersonalityfeaturesemotionregulationandnonsuicidalselfinjuryindepressedadolescentsacrosssectionalstudy |