Molecular Engines, Therapeutic Targets, and Challenges in Pediatric Brain Tumors: A Special Emphasis on Hydrogen Sulfide and RNA-Based Nano-Delivery
Pediatric primary brain tumors represent a real challenge in the oncology arena. Besides the psychosocial burden, brain tumors are considered one of the most difficult-to-treat malignancies due to their sophisticated cellular and molecular pathophysiology. Notwithstanding the advances in research an...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/21/5244 |
| _version_ | 1797468864800358400 |
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| author | Sherif Ashraf Fahmy Alyaa Dawoud Yousra Ahmed Zeinelabdeen Caroline Joseph Kiriacos Kerolos Ashraf Daniel Omar Eltahtawy Miriam Mokhtar Abdelhalim Maria Braoudaki Rana A. Youness |
| author_facet | Sherif Ashraf Fahmy Alyaa Dawoud Yousra Ahmed Zeinelabdeen Caroline Joseph Kiriacos Kerolos Ashraf Daniel Omar Eltahtawy Miriam Mokhtar Abdelhalim Maria Braoudaki Rana A. Youness |
| author_sort | Sherif Ashraf Fahmy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pediatric primary brain tumors represent a real challenge in the oncology arena. Besides the psychosocial burden, brain tumors are considered one of the most difficult-to-treat malignancies due to their sophisticated cellular and molecular pathophysiology. Notwithstanding the advances in research and the substantial efforts to develop a suitable therapy, a full understanding of the molecular pathways involved in primary brain tumors is still demanded. On the other hand, the physiological nature of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) limits the efficiency of many available treatments, including molecular therapeutic approaches. Hydrogen Sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S), as a member of the gasotransmitters family, and its synthesizing machinery have represented promising molecular targets for plentiful cancer types. However, its role in primary brain tumors, generally, and pediatric types, particularly, is barely investigated. In this review, the authors shed the light on the novel role of hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) as a prominent player in pediatric brain tumor pathophysiology and its potential as a therapeutic avenue for brain tumors. In addition, the review also focuses on the challenges and opportunities of several molecular targeting approaches and proposes promising brain-delivery strategies for the sake of achieving better therapeutic results for brain tumor patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:13:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8c993bdab4f5477faabb710d958224ad |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:13:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-8c993bdab4f5477faabb710d958224ad2023-11-24T04:01:21ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942022-10-011421524410.3390/cancers14215244Molecular Engines, Therapeutic Targets, and Challenges in Pediatric Brain Tumors: A Special Emphasis on Hydrogen Sulfide and RNA-Based Nano-DeliverySherif Ashraf Fahmy0Alyaa Dawoud1Yousra Ahmed Zeinelabdeen2Caroline Joseph Kiriacos3Kerolos Ashraf Daniel4Omar Eltahtawy5Miriam Mokhtar Abdelhalim6Maria Braoudaki7Rana A. Youness8Chemistry Department, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, R5 New Capital City, Cairo 11835, EgyptMolecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, EgyptMolecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, EgyptMolecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, EgyptBiology and Biochemistry Department, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, Cairo 11835, EgyptMolecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, EgyptMolecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, EgyptClinical, Pharmaceutical, and Biological Science Department, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UKMolecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, EgyptPediatric primary brain tumors represent a real challenge in the oncology arena. Besides the psychosocial burden, brain tumors are considered one of the most difficult-to-treat malignancies due to their sophisticated cellular and molecular pathophysiology. Notwithstanding the advances in research and the substantial efforts to develop a suitable therapy, a full understanding of the molecular pathways involved in primary brain tumors is still demanded. On the other hand, the physiological nature of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) limits the efficiency of many available treatments, including molecular therapeutic approaches. Hydrogen Sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S), as a member of the gasotransmitters family, and its synthesizing machinery have represented promising molecular targets for plentiful cancer types. However, its role in primary brain tumors, generally, and pediatric types, particularly, is barely investigated. In this review, the authors shed the light on the novel role of hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) as a prominent player in pediatric brain tumor pathophysiology and its potential as a therapeutic avenue for brain tumors. In addition, the review also focuses on the challenges and opportunities of several molecular targeting approaches and proposes promising brain-delivery strategies for the sake of achieving better therapeutic results for brain tumor patients.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/21/5244brain tumorspediatric cancershydrogen sulfideneuro-oncologynanocarriersnanotechnology |
| spellingShingle | Sherif Ashraf Fahmy Alyaa Dawoud Yousra Ahmed Zeinelabdeen Caroline Joseph Kiriacos Kerolos Ashraf Daniel Omar Eltahtawy Miriam Mokhtar Abdelhalim Maria Braoudaki Rana A. Youness Molecular Engines, Therapeutic Targets, and Challenges in Pediatric Brain Tumors: A Special Emphasis on Hydrogen Sulfide and RNA-Based Nano-Delivery Cancers brain tumors pediatric cancers hydrogen sulfide neuro-oncology nanocarriers nanotechnology |
| title | Molecular Engines, Therapeutic Targets, and Challenges in Pediatric Brain Tumors: A Special Emphasis on Hydrogen Sulfide and RNA-Based Nano-Delivery |
| title_full | Molecular Engines, Therapeutic Targets, and Challenges in Pediatric Brain Tumors: A Special Emphasis on Hydrogen Sulfide and RNA-Based Nano-Delivery |
| title_fullStr | Molecular Engines, Therapeutic Targets, and Challenges in Pediatric Brain Tumors: A Special Emphasis on Hydrogen Sulfide and RNA-Based Nano-Delivery |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Engines, Therapeutic Targets, and Challenges in Pediatric Brain Tumors: A Special Emphasis on Hydrogen Sulfide and RNA-Based Nano-Delivery |
| title_short | Molecular Engines, Therapeutic Targets, and Challenges in Pediatric Brain Tumors: A Special Emphasis on Hydrogen Sulfide and RNA-Based Nano-Delivery |
| title_sort | molecular engines therapeutic targets and challenges in pediatric brain tumors a special emphasis on hydrogen sulfide and rna based nano delivery |
| topic | brain tumors pediatric cancers hydrogen sulfide neuro-oncology nanocarriers nanotechnology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/21/5244 |
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