Phytochemical Characterization and Screening of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Properties of <i>Allium × cornutum</i> Clementi and Two Varieties of <i>Allium cepa</i> L. Peel Extracts
Onions are one of the most widely grown vegetable crops. As production increases, so does the generation of waste from various parts of the onion, raising the need for efficient ecological disposal and use of such waste products. However, onion waste products are a rich source of antioxidants with a...
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/5/832 |
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| author | Željana Fredotović Jasna Puizina Marija Nazlić Ana Maravić Ivica Ljubenkov Barbara Soldo Elma Vuko Danica Bajić |
| author_facet | Željana Fredotović Jasna Puizina Marija Nazlić Ana Maravić Ivica Ljubenkov Barbara Soldo Elma Vuko Danica Bajić |
| author_sort | Željana Fredotović |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Onions are one of the most widely grown vegetable crops. As production increases, so does the generation of waste from various parts of the onion, raising the need for efficient ecological disposal and use of such waste products. However, onion waste products are a rich source of antioxidants with a range of biological properties, therefore, they could potentially be used in food and pharmaceutical industries. In the present study, we identified the main flavonols and anthocyanins in peel extracts of <i>Allium × cornutum</i> Clement ex Visiani, 1842, and two varieties of <i>Allium cepa</i> L. and tested their antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiproliferative properties. Quercetin 3,4′-diglucolside, quercetin 4′-monoglucoside and quercetin are the most abundant flavonols in all onion extracts detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The composition of anthocyanins varied in all extracts. 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays showed that the triploid onion <i>A. × cornutum</i> had the highest antioxidant power. Evaluation of antimicrobial activity by broth microdilution assay also showed that <i>A. × cornutum</i> had higher antimicrobial activity compared to the red and yellow onion varieties. Comparable antiproliferative activity was confirmed for all onion extracts tested on three cancer cell lines: Hela (cervical cancer cell line), HCT116 (human colon cancer cell line) and U2OS (human osteosarcoma cell line). The most abundant onion flavonols (quercetin 3,4′-diglucoside and quercetin 4′-monoglucoside) showed weaker antimicrobial as well as antiproliferative properties compared to the extracts, leading to the conclusion that other phytochemicals besides flavonols contribute to the biological activity of onion peel extracts. The results demonstrate the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of onion peels, which have promising potential as cancer cell proliferation inhibitors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:06:51Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:06:51Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-8c99773b7dce4d8099580946c3cfdd752023-11-21T16:33:58ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472021-04-0110583210.3390/plants10050832Phytochemical Characterization and Screening of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Properties of <i>Allium × cornutum</i> Clementi and Two Varieties of <i>Allium cepa</i> L. Peel ExtractsŽeljana Fredotović0Jasna Puizina1Marija Nazlić2Ana Maravić3Ivica Ljubenkov4Barbara Soldo5Elma Vuko6Danica Bajić7Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, R. Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, CroatiaDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, R. Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, CroatiaDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, R. Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, CroatiaDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, R. Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, CroatiaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Split, R. Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, CroatiaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Split, R. Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, CroatiaDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, R. Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, CroatiaDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, R. Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, CroatiaOnions are one of the most widely grown vegetable crops. As production increases, so does the generation of waste from various parts of the onion, raising the need for efficient ecological disposal and use of such waste products. However, onion waste products are a rich source of antioxidants with a range of biological properties, therefore, they could potentially be used in food and pharmaceutical industries. In the present study, we identified the main flavonols and anthocyanins in peel extracts of <i>Allium × cornutum</i> Clement ex Visiani, 1842, and two varieties of <i>Allium cepa</i> L. and tested their antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiproliferative properties. Quercetin 3,4′-diglucolside, quercetin 4′-monoglucoside and quercetin are the most abundant flavonols in all onion extracts detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The composition of anthocyanins varied in all extracts. 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays showed that the triploid onion <i>A. × cornutum</i> had the highest antioxidant power. Evaluation of antimicrobial activity by broth microdilution assay also showed that <i>A. × cornutum</i> had higher antimicrobial activity compared to the red and yellow onion varieties. Comparable antiproliferative activity was confirmed for all onion extracts tested on three cancer cell lines: Hela (cervical cancer cell line), HCT116 (human colon cancer cell line) and U2OS (human osteosarcoma cell line). The most abundant onion flavonols (quercetin 3,4′-diglucoside and quercetin 4′-monoglucoside) showed weaker antimicrobial as well as antiproliferative properties compared to the extracts, leading to the conclusion that other phytochemicals besides flavonols contribute to the biological activity of onion peel extracts. The results demonstrate the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of onion peels, which have promising potential as cancer cell proliferation inhibitors.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/5/832<i>Allium × cornutum</i> Clementi ex Visiani1842<i>Allium cepa</i> L. red and yellow varietyflavonolsanthocyaninsantioxidant properties |
| spellingShingle | Željana Fredotović Jasna Puizina Marija Nazlić Ana Maravić Ivica Ljubenkov Barbara Soldo Elma Vuko Danica Bajić Phytochemical Characterization and Screening of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Properties of <i>Allium × cornutum</i> Clementi and Two Varieties of <i>Allium cepa</i> L. Peel Extracts Plants <i>Allium × cornutum</i> Clementi ex Visiani 1842 <i>Allium cepa</i> L. red and yellow variety flavonols anthocyanins antioxidant properties |
| title | Phytochemical Characterization and Screening of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Properties of <i>Allium × cornutum</i> Clementi and Two Varieties of <i>Allium cepa</i> L. Peel Extracts |
| title_full | Phytochemical Characterization and Screening of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Properties of <i>Allium × cornutum</i> Clementi and Two Varieties of <i>Allium cepa</i> L. Peel Extracts |
| title_fullStr | Phytochemical Characterization and Screening of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Properties of <i>Allium × cornutum</i> Clementi and Two Varieties of <i>Allium cepa</i> L. Peel Extracts |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phytochemical Characterization and Screening of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Properties of <i>Allium × cornutum</i> Clementi and Two Varieties of <i>Allium cepa</i> L. Peel Extracts |
| title_short | Phytochemical Characterization and Screening of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Properties of <i>Allium × cornutum</i> Clementi and Two Varieties of <i>Allium cepa</i> L. Peel Extracts |
| title_sort | phytochemical characterization and screening of antioxidant antimicrobial and antiproliferative properties of i allium cornutum i clementi and two varieties of i allium cepa i l peel extracts |
| topic | <i>Allium × cornutum</i> Clementi ex Visiani 1842 <i>Allium cepa</i> L. red and yellow variety flavonols anthocyanins antioxidant properties |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/5/832 |
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