Comparison of Volatile Oil between the <i>Ligusticum sinese</i> Oliv. and <i>Ligusticum jeholense</i> Nakai et Kitag. Based on GC-MS and Chemical Pattern Recognition Analysis
<i>Ligustici Rhizoma</i> et Radix (LReR) is the dried rhizomes and roots of <i>Ligusticum sinese</i> Oliv. (LS) or <i>Ligusticum jeholense</i> Nakai et Kitag. (LJ). However, in the market, LS and LJ are frequently confused with each other. Since the volatile oils...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/16/5325 |
| _version_ | 1797431837628301312 |
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| author | Shengmao Li Yu Huang Fan Zhang Hui Ao Lu Chen |
| author_facet | Shengmao Li Yu Huang Fan Zhang Hui Ao Lu Chen |
| author_sort | Shengmao Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Ligustici Rhizoma</i> et Radix (LReR) is the dried rhizomes and roots of <i>Ligusticum sinese</i> Oliv. (LS) or <i>Ligusticum jeholense</i> Nakai et Kitag. (LJ). However, in the market, LS and LJ are frequently confused with each other. Since the volatile oils are both the main active components and quality control indicators of LReR, a strategy combining gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and chemical pattern recognition (CPR) was used to compare the volatile components of LJ and LS. Total ion chromatography (TIC) revealed that phthalides (i.e., neocnidilide) and phenylpropanoids (i.e., myristicin) could be thought of as the most critical components in the volatile oils of LJ and LS, respectively. In addition, the chemical components of the volatile oils in LJ and LS were successfully distinguished by hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). Moreover, two quality markers, including myristicin and neocnidilide, with a very high discriminative value for the classification of LJ and LS, were found by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). The relative contents of myristicin and neocnidilide were 10.86 ± 6.18% and 26.43 ± 19.63% for LJ, and 47.43 ± 12.66% and 2.87 ± 2.31% for LS. In conclusion, this research has developed an effective approach to discriminating LJ and LS based on volatile oils by combining GC-MS with chemical pattern recognition analysis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:52:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8c9be76e10ed4ca58d416ed7302e67e0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:52:02Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-8c9be76e10ed4ca58d416ed7302e67e02023-12-02T00:05:24ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-08-012716532510.3390/molecules27165325Comparison of Volatile Oil between the <i>Ligusticum sinese</i> Oliv. and <i>Ligusticum jeholense</i> Nakai et Kitag. Based on GC-MS and Chemical Pattern Recognition AnalysisShengmao Li0Yu Huang1Fan Zhang2Hui Ao3Lu Chen4School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637100, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637100, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637100, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China<i>Ligustici Rhizoma</i> et Radix (LReR) is the dried rhizomes and roots of <i>Ligusticum sinese</i> Oliv. (LS) or <i>Ligusticum jeholense</i> Nakai et Kitag. (LJ). However, in the market, LS and LJ are frequently confused with each other. Since the volatile oils are both the main active components and quality control indicators of LReR, a strategy combining gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and chemical pattern recognition (CPR) was used to compare the volatile components of LJ and LS. Total ion chromatography (TIC) revealed that phthalides (i.e., neocnidilide) and phenylpropanoids (i.e., myristicin) could be thought of as the most critical components in the volatile oils of LJ and LS, respectively. In addition, the chemical components of the volatile oils in LJ and LS were successfully distinguished by hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). Moreover, two quality markers, including myristicin and neocnidilide, with a very high discriminative value for the classification of LJ and LS, were found by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). The relative contents of myristicin and neocnidilide were 10.86 ± 6.18% and 26.43 ± 19.63% for LJ, and 47.43 ± 12.66% and 2.87 ± 2.31% for LS. In conclusion, this research has developed an effective approach to discriminating LJ and LS based on volatile oils by combining GC-MS with chemical pattern recognition analysis.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/16/5325<i>Ligusticum sinese</i> Oliv.<i>Ligusticum jeholense</i> Nakai et Kitag.volatile oilsgas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)chemical pattern recognitionspecies identification |
| spellingShingle | Shengmao Li Yu Huang Fan Zhang Hui Ao Lu Chen Comparison of Volatile Oil between the <i>Ligusticum sinese</i> Oliv. and <i>Ligusticum jeholense</i> Nakai et Kitag. Based on GC-MS and Chemical Pattern Recognition Analysis Molecules <i>Ligusticum sinese</i> Oliv. <i>Ligusticum jeholense</i> Nakai et Kitag. volatile oils gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) chemical pattern recognition species identification |
| title | Comparison of Volatile Oil between the <i>Ligusticum sinese</i> Oliv. and <i>Ligusticum jeholense</i> Nakai et Kitag. Based on GC-MS and Chemical Pattern Recognition Analysis |
| title_full | Comparison of Volatile Oil between the <i>Ligusticum sinese</i> Oliv. and <i>Ligusticum jeholense</i> Nakai et Kitag. Based on GC-MS and Chemical Pattern Recognition Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of Volatile Oil between the <i>Ligusticum sinese</i> Oliv. and <i>Ligusticum jeholense</i> Nakai et Kitag. Based on GC-MS and Chemical Pattern Recognition Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of Volatile Oil between the <i>Ligusticum sinese</i> Oliv. and <i>Ligusticum jeholense</i> Nakai et Kitag. Based on GC-MS and Chemical Pattern Recognition Analysis |
| title_short | Comparison of Volatile Oil between the <i>Ligusticum sinese</i> Oliv. and <i>Ligusticum jeholense</i> Nakai et Kitag. Based on GC-MS and Chemical Pattern Recognition Analysis |
| title_sort | comparison of volatile oil between the i ligusticum sinese i oliv and i ligusticum jeholense i nakai et kitag based on gc ms and chemical pattern recognition analysis |
| topic | <i>Ligusticum sinese</i> Oliv. <i>Ligusticum jeholense</i> Nakai et Kitag. volatile oils gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) chemical pattern recognition species identification |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/16/5325 |
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