| Summary: | Three new polyketides, eutyketides A and B (<b>1</b> and <b>2</b>) and cytosporin X (<b>3</b>), along with four known compounds (<b>4</b>–<b>7</b>), were obtained from the marine-derived fungus <i>Eutypella scoparia</i>. The planar structures of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> were elucidated by extensive HRMS and 1D and 2D NMR analyses. Their relative configurations of C-13 and C-14 were determined with chemical conversions by introducing an acetonylidene group. The absolute configurations of <b>1</b>–<b>3</b> were determined by comparing their experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data with their computed ECD results. All of the isolated compounds were tested for their anti-inflammatory activities on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Compounds <b>5</b> and <b>6</b> showed stronger anti-inflammatory activities than the other compounds, with the inhibition of 49.0% and 54.9% at a concentration of 50.0 µg/mL, respectively.
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