Identification of an aquaculture poriferan “Pest with Potential” and its phylogenetic implications
Correct identification and classification of sponges is challenging due to ambiguous or misleading morphological features. A particular case is a blue keratose sponge occasionally referred to as the “Blue Photo Sponge” among aquarists, which appears frequently (and in several cases unintended) in pr...
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PeerJ Inc.
2018-09-01
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| author | Adrian Galitz Steve de C. Cook Merrick Ekins John N. A. Hooper Peter T. Naumann Nicole J. de Voogd Muhammad Abdul Wahab Gert Wörheide Dirk Erpenbeck |
| author_facet | Adrian Galitz Steve de C. Cook Merrick Ekins John N. A. Hooper Peter T. Naumann Nicole J. de Voogd Muhammad Abdul Wahab Gert Wörheide Dirk Erpenbeck |
| author_sort | Adrian Galitz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Correct identification and classification of sponges is challenging due to ambiguous or misleading morphological features. A particular case is a blue keratose sponge occasionally referred to as the “Blue Photo Sponge” among aquarists, which appears frequently (and in several cases unintended) in private aquaria. This spicule-less species, occasionally specified as Collospongia auris Bergquist, Cambie & Kernan 1990, not only displays a high phenotypic plasticity in growth form and colour, it also proliferates in aquacultures under standard conditions unlike most other sponges. Therefore, this species is regarded as a pest for most aquarists. In turn, the ease of cultivation and propagation in aquacultures qualifies this species as a model organism for a wide array of scientific applications. For these purposes, correct identification and classification are indispensable. We reconstructed ribosomal gene trees and determined this species as Lendenfeldia chondrodes (De Laubenfels, 1954) (Phyllospongiinae), distant to Collospongia auris, and corroborated by skeletal features. Additionally, the resulting phylogeny corroborated major shortcomings of the current Phyllospongiinae classification—its consequences are discussed. |
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| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T08:01:14Z |
| publishDate | 2018-09-01 |
| publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-8cb87dfe16094a17bec894e5c05c8b312023-12-03T00:42:16ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592018-09-016e558610.7717/peerj.5586Identification of an aquaculture poriferan “Pest with Potential” and its phylogenetic implicationsAdrian Galitz0Steve de C. Cook1Merrick Ekins2John N. A. Hooper3Peter T. Naumann4Nicole J. de Voogd5Muhammad Abdul Wahab6Gert Wörheide7Dirk Erpenbeck8Department of Earth- and Environmental Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, GermanyDepartment of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Formerly: University of Auckland, Auckland, New ZealandBiodiversity Program, Queensland Museum, South Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaBiodiversity Program, Queensland Museum, South Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of Earth- and Environmental Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, GermanyNaturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The NetherlandsAustralian Institute of Marine Science, Indian Ocean Marine Research Centre, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, AustraliaDepartment of Earth- and Environmental Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, GermanyDepartment of Earth- and Environmental Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, GermanyCorrect identification and classification of sponges is challenging due to ambiguous or misleading morphological features. A particular case is a blue keratose sponge occasionally referred to as the “Blue Photo Sponge” among aquarists, which appears frequently (and in several cases unintended) in private aquaria. This spicule-less species, occasionally specified as Collospongia auris Bergquist, Cambie & Kernan 1990, not only displays a high phenotypic plasticity in growth form and colour, it also proliferates in aquacultures under standard conditions unlike most other sponges. Therefore, this species is regarded as a pest for most aquarists. In turn, the ease of cultivation and propagation in aquacultures qualifies this species as a model organism for a wide array of scientific applications. For these purposes, correct identification and classification are indispensable. We reconstructed ribosomal gene trees and determined this species as Lendenfeldia chondrodes (De Laubenfels, 1954) (Phyllospongiinae), distant to Collospongia auris, and corroborated by skeletal features. Additionally, the resulting phylogeny corroborated major shortcomings of the current Phyllospongiinae classification—its consequences are discussed.https://peerj.com/articles/5586.pdfAquaria spongeCollospongia aurisLendenfeldia chondrodesMolecular taxonomySpongesDemospongiae |
| spellingShingle | Adrian Galitz Steve de C. Cook Merrick Ekins John N. A. Hooper Peter T. Naumann Nicole J. de Voogd Muhammad Abdul Wahab Gert Wörheide Dirk Erpenbeck Identification of an aquaculture poriferan “Pest with Potential” and its phylogenetic implications PeerJ Aquaria sponge Collospongia auris Lendenfeldia chondrodes Molecular taxonomy Sponges Demospongiae |
| title | Identification of an aquaculture poriferan “Pest with Potential” and its phylogenetic implications |
| title_full | Identification of an aquaculture poriferan “Pest with Potential” and its phylogenetic implications |
| title_fullStr | Identification of an aquaculture poriferan “Pest with Potential” and its phylogenetic implications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification of an aquaculture poriferan “Pest with Potential” and its phylogenetic implications |
| title_short | Identification of an aquaculture poriferan “Pest with Potential” and its phylogenetic implications |
| title_sort | identification of an aquaculture poriferan pest with potential and its phylogenetic implications |
| topic | Aquaria sponge Collospongia auris Lendenfeldia chondrodes Molecular taxonomy Sponges Demospongiae |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/5586.pdf |
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