An experimental in silico study on COVID‐19: Response of neutrophil‐related genes to antibiotics
Abstract Background and Aims All components of the immune system are involved in alleviating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection. Further research is required to provide detailed insights into COVID‐19‐related immune compartments and pathways. In addition, a signif...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Health Science Reports |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.548 |
| _version_ | 1827294387076333568 |
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| author | Seyyed R. Mousavi Hajie Lotfi Sharareh Salmanizadeh Sara Feizbakhshan Farinaz Khosravian Maryam S. Sajjadi Sajad R. Komachali Faeze A. Beni Banafshe Torkan Mohammad Kazemi Ramin Sami Mansoor Salehi |
| author_facet | Seyyed R. Mousavi Hajie Lotfi Sharareh Salmanizadeh Sara Feizbakhshan Farinaz Khosravian Maryam S. Sajjadi Sajad R. Komachali Faeze A. Beni Banafshe Torkan Mohammad Kazemi Ramin Sami Mansoor Salehi |
| author_sort | Seyyed R. Mousavi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background and Aims All components of the immune system are involved in alleviating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection. Further research is required to provide detailed insights into COVID‐19‐related immune compartments and pathways. In addition, a significant percentage of hospitalized COVID‐19 patients suspect bacterial infections and antimicrobial resistance occurs following antibiotics treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effects of antibiotics on the response of neutrophil‐related genes in SARS‐CoV‐2 patients by an experimental in silico study. Methods The two data sets GSE1739 and GSE21802 including 10 SARS positive patients and 35 influenza A (H1N1) patients were analyzed, respectively. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between these two data sets were determined by GEO2R analysis and the Venn diagram online tool. After determining the hub genes involved in immune responses, the expression of these genes in 30 COVID‐19 patients and 30 healthy individuals was analyzed by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). All patients received antibiotics, including levofloxacin, colistin, meropenem, and ceftazidime. Results GEO2R analysis detected 240 and 120 DEGs in GSE21802 and GSE1739, respectively. Twenty DEGs were considered as enriched hub genes involved in immune processes such as neutrophil degranulation, neutrophil activation, and antimicrobial humoral response. The central nodes were attributed to the genes of neutrophil elastase (ELANE), arginase 1 (ARG‐1), lipocalin 2 (LCN2), and defensin 4 (DEFA4). Compared to the healthy subjects, the expression of LCN2 and DEFA4 were significantly reduced in COVID‐19 patients. However, no significant differences were observed in the ELANE and AGR‐1 levels between COVID‐19 subjects and the control group. Conclusions Activation and degranulation of neutrophils were observed mainly in SARS, and H1N1 infection processes and antibiotics administration could affect neutrophil activity during viral infection. It can be suggested that antibiotics can decrease inflammation by restoring the expression of neutrophil‐related genes in COVID‐19 patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T13:33:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8cc64527afb84bfd873c17bc2ac08918 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2398-8835 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T14:01:17Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Health Science Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-8cc64527afb84bfd873c17bc2ac089182024-04-03T12:41:03ZengWileyHealth Science Reports2398-88352022-03-0152n/an/a10.1002/hsr2.548An experimental in silico study on COVID‐19: Response of neutrophil‐related genes to antibioticsSeyyed R. Mousavi0Hajie Lotfi1Sharareh Salmanizadeh2Sara Feizbakhshan3Farinaz Khosravian4Maryam S. Sajjadi5Sajad R. Komachali6Faeze A. Beni7Banafshe Torkan8Mohammad Kazemi9Ramin Sami10Mansoor Salehi11Cellular, Molecular and Genetics Research Center Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan IranCellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for prevention of Non‐Communicable Disease Qazvin University of Medical Sciences Qazvin IranCellular, Molecular and Genetics Research Center Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan IranCellular, Molecular and Genetics Research Center Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan IranCellular, Molecular and Genetics Research Center Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan IranMedical Genetics Laboratory Alzahra University Hospital Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan IranCellular, Molecular and Genetics Research Center Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan IranCellular, Molecular and Genetics Research Center Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan IranCellular, Molecular and Genetics Research Center Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan IranDepartment of Genetics and Molecular Biology Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan IranDepartment of Pulmonology Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan IranCellular, Molecular and Genetics Research Center Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan IranAbstract Background and Aims All components of the immune system are involved in alleviating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection. Further research is required to provide detailed insights into COVID‐19‐related immune compartments and pathways. In addition, a significant percentage of hospitalized COVID‐19 patients suspect bacterial infections and antimicrobial resistance occurs following antibiotics treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effects of antibiotics on the response of neutrophil‐related genes in SARS‐CoV‐2 patients by an experimental in silico study. Methods The two data sets GSE1739 and GSE21802 including 10 SARS positive patients and 35 influenza A (H1N1) patients were analyzed, respectively. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between these two data sets were determined by GEO2R analysis and the Venn diagram online tool. After determining the hub genes involved in immune responses, the expression of these genes in 30 COVID‐19 patients and 30 healthy individuals was analyzed by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). All patients received antibiotics, including levofloxacin, colistin, meropenem, and ceftazidime. Results GEO2R analysis detected 240 and 120 DEGs in GSE21802 and GSE1739, respectively. Twenty DEGs were considered as enriched hub genes involved in immune processes such as neutrophil degranulation, neutrophil activation, and antimicrobial humoral response. The central nodes were attributed to the genes of neutrophil elastase (ELANE), arginase 1 (ARG‐1), lipocalin 2 (LCN2), and defensin 4 (DEFA4). Compared to the healthy subjects, the expression of LCN2 and DEFA4 were significantly reduced in COVID‐19 patients. However, no significant differences were observed in the ELANE and AGR‐1 levels between COVID‐19 subjects and the control group. Conclusions Activation and degranulation of neutrophils were observed mainly in SARS, and H1N1 infection processes and antibiotics administration could affect neutrophil activity during viral infection. It can be suggested that antibiotics can decrease inflammation by restoring the expression of neutrophil‐related genes in COVID‐19 patients.https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.548ARG‐1DEFA4ELANELCN2neutrophil‐mediated immunitySARS‐CoV‐2 |
| spellingShingle | Seyyed R. Mousavi Hajie Lotfi Sharareh Salmanizadeh Sara Feizbakhshan Farinaz Khosravian Maryam S. Sajjadi Sajad R. Komachali Faeze A. Beni Banafshe Torkan Mohammad Kazemi Ramin Sami Mansoor Salehi An experimental in silico study on COVID‐19: Response of neutrophil‐related genes to antibiotics Health Science Reports ARG‐1 DEFA4 ELANE LCN2 neutrophil‐mediated immunity SARS‐CoV‐2 |
| title | An experimental in silico study on COVID‐19: Response of neutrophil‐related genes to antibiotics |
| title_full | An experimental in silico study on COVID‐19: Response of neutrophil‐related genes to antibiotics |
| title_fullStr | An experimental in silico study on COVID‐19: Response of neutrophil‐related genes to antibiotics |
| title_full_unstemmed | An experimental in silico study on COVID‐19: Response of neutrophil‐related genes to antibiotics |
| title_short | An experimental in silico study on COVID‐19: Response of neutrophil‐related genes to antibiotics |
| title_sort | experimental in silico study on covid 19 response of neutrophil related genes to antibiotics |
| topic | ARG‐1 DEFA4 ELANE LCN2 neutrophil‐mediated immunity SARS‐CoV‐2 |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.548 |
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