Predictors of Influenza Vaccination among Chinese Middle School Students Based on the Health Belief Model: A Mixed-Methods Study
Influenza vaccination rates among Chinese middle school students are low. This study aims to explore the influencing factors of vaccination among middle school students and promote vaccination. We conducted a mixed-methods study, integrating a questionnaire survey among 9145 middle school students i...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/11/1802 |
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| author | Yeerlin Asihaer Mengyang Sun Miao Li Huidi Xiao Nubiya Amaerjiang Mengying Guan Bipin Thapa Yifei Hu |
| author_facet | Yeerlin Asihaer Mengyang Sun Miao Li Huidi Xiao Nubiya Amaerjiang Mengying Guan Bipin Thapa Yifei Hu |
| author_sort | Yeerlin Asihaer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Influenza vaccination rates among Chinese middle school students are low. This study aims to explore the influencing factors of vaccination among middle school students and promote vaccination. We conducted a mixed-methods study, integrating a questionnaire survey among 9145 middle school students in four cities in China and semi-structured interviews with 35 middle school students to understand their attitudes and perceptions toward vaccination based on the Health Belief Model. We found the overall vaccination rate was 38.2% (3493/9145), with students in Beijing, boarding at school, or senior high school showing higher values than their counterparts (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Multiple logistic regression results showed that non-boarding (OR = 0.46, 95%CI: 0.42–0.51) and perceived barriers (OR = 0.97, 95%CI: 0.96–0.98) were unfavorable factors for influenza vaccination, whereas perceived susceptibility (OR = 1.07, 95%CI: 1.05–1.08), perceived benefits (OR = 1.02, 95%CI: 1.01–1.04), cues to action (OR = 1.08, 95%CI: 1.05–1.11), and self-efficacy (OR = 1.04, 95%CI: 1.02–1.07) were facilitators. Qualitative results indicated that positive health beliefs, school, and the home environment contribute to vaccination. In conclusion, the influenza vaccination rate among middle school students remains low. The concerns about the safety and potential side effects of vaccines are the main barriers to vaccination, underscoring the need for strengthening communication, education, and information among students and their teachers/parents. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:35:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8ccf29c0133b4f728f327d90c256e51a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:35:21Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-8ccf29c0133b4f728f327d90c256e51a2023-11-24T07:12:57ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2022-10-011011180210.3390/vaccines10111802Predictors of Influenza Vaccination among Chinese Middle School Students Based on the Health Belief Model: A Mixed-Methods StudyYeerlin Asihaer0Mengyang Sun1Miao Li2Huidi Xiao3Nubiya Amaerjiang4Mengying Guan5Bipin Thapa6Yifei Hu7Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, ChinaDepartment of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, ChinaDepartment of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, ChinaDepartment of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, ChinaDepartment of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, ChinaDepartment of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, ChinaDepartment of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, ChinaDepartment of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, ChinaInfluenza vaccination rates among Chinese middle school students are low. This study aims to explore the influencing factors of vaccination among middle school students and promote vaccination. We conducted a mixed-methods study, integrating a questionnaire survey among 9145 middle school students in four cities in China and semi-structured interviews with 35 middle school students to understand their attitudes and perceptions toward vaccination based on the Health Belief Model. We found the overall vaccination rate was 38.2% (3493/9145), with students in Beijing, boarding at school, or senior high school showing higher values than their counterparts (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Multiple logistic regression results showed that non-boarding (OR = 0.46, 95%CI: 0.42–0.51) and perceived barriers (OR = 0.97, 95%CI: 0.96–0.98) were unfavorable factors for influenza vaccination, whereas perceived susceptibility (OR = 1.07, 95%CI: 1.05–1.08), perceived benefits (OR = 1.02, 95%CI: 1.01–1.04), cues to action (OR = 1.08, 95%CI: 1.05–1.11), and self-efficacy (OR = 1.04, 95%CI: 1.02–1.07) were facilitators. Qualitative results indicated that positive health beliefs, school, and the home environment contribute to vaccination. In conclusion, the influenza vaccination rate among middle school students remains low. The concerns about the safety and potential side effects of vaccines are the main barriers to vaccination, underscoring the need for strengthening communication, education, and information among students and their teachers/parents.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/11/1802influenzavaccinationmixed-methodshealth belief modelmiddle school studentshesitancy |
| spellingShingle | Yeerlin Asihaer Mengyang Sun Miao Li Huidi Xiao Nubiya Amaerjiang Mengying Guan Bipin Thapa Yifei Hu Predictors of Influenza Vaccination among Chinese Middle School Students Based on the Health Belief Model: A Mixed-Methods Study Vaccines influenza vaccination mixed-methods health belief model middle school students hesitancy |
| title | Predictors of Influenza Vaccination among Chinese Middle School Students Based on the Health Belief Model: A Mixed-Methods Study |
| title_full | Predictors of Influenza Vaccination among Chinese Middle School Students Based on the Health Belief Model: A Mixed-Methods Study |
| title_fullStr | Predictors of Influenza Vaccination among Chinese Middle School Students Based on the Health Belief Model: A Mixed-Methods Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Predictors of Influenza Vaccination among Chinese Middle School Students Based on the Health Belief Model: A Mixed-Methods Study |
| title_short | Predictors of Influenza Vaccination among Chinese Middle School Students Based on the Health Belief Model: A Mixed-Methods Study |
| title_sort | predictors of influenza vaccination among chinese middle school students based on the health belief model a mixed methods study |
| topic | influenza vaccination mixed-methods health belief model middle school students hesitancy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/11/1802 |
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