Ethanolic Extracts of Adlay Testa and Hull and Their Active Biomolecules Exert Relaxing Effect on Uterine Muscle Contraction through Blocking Extracellular Calcium Influx in Ex Vivo and In Vivo Studies
Dysmenorrhea is one of the most prevalent disorders in gynecology. Historically, adlay (<i>Coix lachryma-jobi</i> L. var. Ma-yuen Stapf.) has been explored for its anti-tumor, pain relief, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of adla...
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2021-06-01
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| author | Yun-Ju Huang Yu-Chieh Chen Hsin-Yuan Chen Yi-Fen Chiang Mohamed Ali Wenchang Chiang Cheng-Pei Chung Shih-Min Hsia |
| author_facet | Yun-Ju Huang Yu-Chieh Chen Hsin-Yuan Chen Yi-Fen Chiang Mohamed Ali Wenchang Chiang Cheng-Pei Chung Shih-Min Hsia |
| author_sort | Yun-Ju Huang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dysmenorrhea is one of the most prevalent disorders in gynecology. Historically, adlay (<i>Coix lachryma-jobi</i> L. var. Ma-yuen Stapf.) has been explored for its anti-tumor, pain relief, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of adlay seeds on the inhibition of uterine contraction and thus dysmenorrhea relief, in vitro and in vivo. HPLC-MS and GC were used to elucidate the ethyl acetate fraction of adlay testa ethanolic extract (ATE-EA) and ethyl acetate fraction of adlay hull ethanolic extract (AHE-EA). Elucidation yielded flavonoids, phytosterols, and fatty acids. Uterine leiomyomas and normal adjacent myometrial tissue were evaluated by oxytocin- and PG-induced uterine contractility. ATE-EA and AHE-EA suppressed uterine contraction induced by prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF<sub>2α</sub>), oxytocin, carbachol, and high-KCl solution ex vivo. In addition, the external calcium (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) influx induced contraction, and increased Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentration was inhibited by ATE-EA and AHE-EA on the uterine smooth muscle of rats. Furthermore, ATE-EA and AHE-EA effectively attenuated the contraction of normal human myometrium tissues more than adjacent uterine leiomyoma in response to PGF<sub>2α</sub>. 3,5,6,7,8,3′,4′-Heptamethoxyflavone and chrysoeriol produced a remarkable inhibition with values of IC<sub>50</sub> = 24.91 and 25.59 µM, respectively. The experimental results showed that treatment with ATE-EA at 30 mg/day effectively decreased the writhing frequency both on the oxytocin-induced writhing test and acetic acid writhing test of the ICR mouse. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-8cd094237f344ed78005f2af4c2fc6c52023-11-22T00:11:15ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2021-06-0111688710.3390/biom11060887Ethanolic Extracts of Adlay Testa and Hull and Their Active Biomolecules Exert Relaxing Effect on Uterine Muscle Contraction through Blocking Extracellular Calcium Influx in Ex Vivo and In Vivo StudiesYun-Ju Huang0Yu-Chieh Chen1Hsin-Yuan Chen2Yi-Fen Chiang3Mohamed Ali4Wenchang Chiang5Cheng-Pei Chung6Shih-Min Hsia7School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, TaiwanInstitute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, TaiwanSchool of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, TaiwanSchool of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, TaiwanClinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, EgyptInstitute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, TaiwanDepartment of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, TaiwanSchool of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, TaiwanDysmenorrhea is one of the most prevalent disorders in gynecology. Historically, adlay (<i>Coix lachryma-jobi</i> L. var. Ma-yuen Stapf.) has been explored for its anti-tumor, pain relief, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of adlay seeds on the inhibition of uterine contraction and thus dysmenorrhea relief, in vitro and in vivo. HPLC-MS and GC were used to elucidate the ethyl acetate fraction of adlay testa ethanolic extract (ATE-EA) and ethyl acetate fraction of adlay hull ethanolic extract (AHE-EA). Elucidation yielded flavonoids, phytosterols, and fatty acids. Uterine leiomyomas and normal adjacent myometrial tissue were evaluated by oxytocin- and PG-induced uterine contractility. ATE-EA and AHE-EA suppressed uterine contraction induced by prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF<sub>2α</sub>), oxytocin, carbachol, and high-KCl solution ex vivo. In addition, the external calcium (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) influx induced contraction, and increased Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentration was inhibited by ATE-EA and AHE-EA on the uterine smooth muscle of rats. Furthermore, ATE-EA and AHE-EA effectively attenuated the contraction of normal human myometrium tissues more than adjacent uterine leiomyoma in response to PGF<sub>2α</sub>. 3,5,6,7,8,3′,4′-Heptamethoxyflavone and chrysoeriol produced a remarkable inhibition with values of IC<sub>50</sub> = 24.91 and 25.59 µM, respectively. The experimental results showed that treatment with ATE-EA at 30 mg/day effectively decreased the writhing frequency both on the oxytocin-induced writhing test and acetic acid writhing test of the ICR mouse.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/11/6/887dysmenorrhea<i>Coix lachryma-jobi</i>smooth muscleoxytocin-induced writhingacetic acid writhing |
| spellingShingle | Yun-Ju Huang Yu-Chieh Chen Hsin-Yuan Chen Yi-Fen Chiang Mohamed Ali Wenchang Chiang Cheng-Pei Chung Shih-Min Hsia Ethanolic Extracts of Adlay Testa and Hull and Their Active Biomolecules Exert Relaxing Effect on Uterine Muscle Contraction through Blocking Extracellular Calcium Influx in Ex Vivo and In Vivo Studies Biomolecules dysmenorrhea <i>Coix lachryma-jobi</i> smooth muscle oxytocin-induced writhing acetic acid writhing |
| title | Ethanolic Extracts of Adlay Testa and Hull and Their Active Biomolecules Exert Relaxing Effect on Uterine Muscle Contraction through Blocking Extracellular Calcium Influx in Ex Vivo and In Vivo Studies |
| title_full | Ethanolic Extracts of Adlay Testa and Hull and Their Active Biomolecules Exert Relaxing Effect on Uterine Muscle Contraction through Blocking Extracellular Calcium Influx in Ex Vivo and In Vivo Studies |
| title_fullStr | Ethanolic Extracts of Adlay Testa and Hull and Their Active Biomolecules Exert Relaxing Effect on Uterine Muscle Contraction through Blocking Extracellular Calcium Influx in Ex Vivo and In Vivo Studies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ethanolic Extracts of Adlay Testa and Hull and Their Active Biomolecules Exert Relaxing Effect on Uterine Muscle Contraction through Blocking Extracellular Calcium Influx in Ex Vivo and In Vivo Studies |
| title_short | Ethanolic Extracts of Adlay Testa and Hull and Their Active Biomolecules Exert Relaxing Effect on Uterine Muscle Contraction through Blocking Extracellular Calcium Influx in Ex Vivo and In Vivo Studies |
| title_sort | ethanolic extracts of adlay testa and hull and their active biomolecules exert relaxing effect on uterine muscle contraction through blocking extracellular calcium influx in ex vivo and in vivo studies |
| topic | dysmenorrhea <i>Coix lachryma-jobi</i> smooth muscle oxytocin-induced writhing acetic acid writhing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/11/6/887 |
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