Antiretroviral Therapy in HTLV-1 Infection: An Updated Overview
The human T cell leukemic/lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), discovered several years ago, is the causative agent for a rapid progressive haematological malignancy, adult T cell leukemia (ATL), for debilitating neurological diseases and for a number of inflammatory based diseases. Although the hete...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/5/342 |
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| author | Francesca Marino-Merlo Emanuela Balestrieri Claudia Matteucci Antonio Mastino Sandro Grelli Beatrice Macchi |
| author_facet | Francesca Marino-Merlo Emanuela Balestrieri Claudia Matteucci Antonio Mastino Sandro Grelli Beatrice Macchi |
| author_sort | Francesca Marino-Merlo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The human T cell leukemic/lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), discovered several years ago, is the causative agent for a rapid progressive haematological malignancy, adult T cell leukemia (ATL), for debilitating neurological diseases and for a number of inflammatory based diseases. Although the heterogeneous features of the diseases caused by HTLV-1, a common topic concerning related therapeutic treatments relies on the use of antiretrovirals. This review will compare the different approaches and opinions in this matter, giving a concise overview of preclinical as well as clinical studies covering all the aspects of antiretrovirals in HTLV-1 infection. Studies will be grouped on the basis of the class of antiretroviral, putting together both pre-clinical and clinical results and generally following a chronological order. Analysis of the existing literature highlights that a number of preclinical studies clearly demonstrate that different classes of antiretrovirals, already utilized as anti-HIV agents, are actually capable to efficiently contrast HTLV-1 infection. Nevertheless, the results of most of the clinical studies are generally discouraging on the same point. In conclusion, the design of new antiretrovirals more specifically focused on HTLV-1 targets, and/or the establishment of early treatments with antiretrovirals could hopefully change the perspectives of diseases caused by HTLV-1. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:06:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8cdac821e51c4aa094f52d41ca242053 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:06:38Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-8cdac821e51c4aa094f52d41ca2420532023-11-19T23:15:10ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172020-05-019534210.3390/pathogens9050342Antiretroviral Therapy in HTLV-1 Infection: An Updated OverviewFrancesca Marino-Merlo0Emanuela Balestrieri1Claudia Matteucci2Antonio Mastino3Sandro Grelli4Beatrice Macchi5IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, 98123 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, ItalyThe human T cell leukemic/lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), discovered several years ago, is the causative agent for a rapid progressive haematological malignancy, adult T cell leukemia (ATL), for debilitating neurological diseases and for a number of inflammatory based diseases. Although the heterogeneous features of the diseases caused by HTLV-1, a common topic concerning related therapeutic treatments relies on the use of antiretrovirals. This review will compare the different approaches and opinions in this matter, giving a concise overview of preclinical as well as clinical studies covering all the aspects of antiretrovirals in HTLV-1 infection. Studies will be grouped on the basis of the class of antiretroviral, putting together both pre-clinical and clinical results and generally following a chronological order. Analysis of the existing literature highlights that a number of preclinical studies clearly demonstrate that different classes of antiretrovirals, already utilized as anti-HIV agents, are actually capable to efficiently contrast HTLV-1 infection. Nevertheless, the results of most of the clinical studies are generally discouraging on the same point. In conclusion, the design of new antiretrovirals more specifically focused on HTLV-1 targets, and/or the establishment of early treatments with antiretrovirals could hopefully change the perspectives of diseases caused by HTLV-1.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/5/342HTLV-1antiretroviralsHAM/TSPATL |
| spellingShingle | Francesca Marino-Merlo Emanuela Balestrieri Claudia Matteucci Antonio Mastino Sandro Grelli Beatrice Macchi Antiretroviral Therapy in HTLV-1 Infection: An Updated Overview Pathogens HTLV-1 antiretrovirals HAM/TSP ATL |
| title | Antiretroviral Therapy in HTLV-1 Infection: An Updated Overview |
| title_full | Antiretroviral Therapy in HTLV-1 Infection: An Updated Overview |
| title_fullStr | Antiretroviral Therapy in HTLV-1 Infection: An Updated Overview |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antiretroviral Therapy in HTLV-1 Infection: An Updated Overview |
| title_short | Antiretroviral Therapy in HTLV-1 Infection: An Updated Overview |
| title_sort | antiretroviral therapy in htlv 1 infection an updated overview |
| topic | HTLV-1 antiretrovirals HAM/TSP ATL |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/5/342 |
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