Update on <i>GNA</i> Alterations in Cancer: Implications for Uveal Melanoma Treatment
Tumorigenesis is correlated with abnormal expression and activity of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and associated G proteins. Oncogenic mutations in both GPCRs and G proteins (<i>GNAS</i>, <i>GNAQ</i> or <i>GNA11</i>) encoding genes have been identified in a...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/6/1524 |
| _version_ | 1797565658862452736 |
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| author | Lionel Larribère Jochen Utikal |
| author_facet | Lionel Larribère Jochen Utikal |
| author_sort | Lionel Larribère |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tumorigenesis is correlated with abnormal expression and activity of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and associated G proteins. Oncogenic mutations in both GPCRs and G proteins (<i>GNAS</i>, <i>GNAQ</i> or <i>GNA11</i>) encoding genes have been identified in a significant number of tumors. Interestingly, uveal melanoma driver mutations in <i>GNAQ</i>/<i>GNA11</i> were identified for a decade, but their discovery did not lead to mutation-specific drug development, unlike it the case for <i>BRAF</i> mutations in cutaneous melanoma which saw enormous success. Moreover, new immunotherapies strategies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors have given underwhelming results. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on cancer-associated alterations of GPCRs and G proteins and we focus on the case of uveal melanoma. Finally, we discuss the possibilities that this signaling might represent in regard to novel drug development for cancer prevention and treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:15:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8ce2289cd65d44c5b0460174b176c3a8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:15:11Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-8ce2289cd65d44c5b0460174b176c3a82023-11-20T03:26:31ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942020-06-01126152410.3390/cancers12061524Update on <i>GNA</i> Alterations in Cancer: Implications for Uveal Melanoma TreatmentLionel Larribère0Jochen Utikal1Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, GermanySkin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, GermanyTumorigenesis is correlated with abnormal expression and activity of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and associated G proteins. Oncogenic mutations in both GPCRs and G proteins (<i>GNAS</i>, <i>GNAQ</i> or <i>GNA11</i>) encoding genes have been identified in a significant number of tumors. Interestingly, uveal melanoma driver mutations in <i>GNAQ</i>/<i>GNA11</i> were identified for a decade, but their discovery did not lead to mutation-specific drug development, unlike it the case for <i>BRAF</i> mutations in cutaneous melanoma which saw enormous success. Moreover, new immunotherapies strategies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors have given underwhelming results. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on cancer-associated alterations of GPCRs and G proteins and we focus on the case of uveal melanoma. Finally, we discuss the possibilities that this signaling might represent in regard to novel drug development for cancer prevention and treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/6/1524uveal melanomaGNA mutationsG proteinsGPCRtherapy |
| spellingShingle | Lionel Larribère Jochen Utikal Update on <i>GNA</i> Alterations in Cancer: Implications for Uveal Melanoma Treatment Cancers uveal melanoma GNA mutations G proteins GPCR therapy |
| title | Update on <i>GNA</i> Alterations in Cancer: Implications for Uveal Melanoma Treatment |
| title_full | Update on <i>GNA</i> Alterations in Cancer: Implications for Uveal Melanoma Treatment |
| title_fullStr | Update on <i>GNA</i> Alterations in Cancer: Implications for Uveal Melanoma Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Update on <i>GNA</i> Alterations in Cancer: Implications for Uveal Melanoma Treatment |
| title_short | Update on <i>GNA</i> Alterations in Cancer: Implications for Uveal Melanoma Treatment |
| title_sort | update on i gna i alterations in cancer implications for uveal melanoma treatment |
| topic | uveal melanoma GNA mutations G proteins GPCR therapy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/6/1524 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lionellarribere updateonignaialterationsincancerimplicationsforuvealmelanomatreatment AT jochenutikal updateonignaialterationsincancerimplicationsforuvealmelanomatreatment |