Microbiota in Health and Disease—Potential Clinical Applications
Within the last two decades tremendous efforts in biomedicine have been undertaken to understand the interplay of commensal bacteria living in and on our human body with our own human physiology. It became clear that (1) a high diversity especially of the microbial communities in the gut are importa...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-10-01
|
| Series: | Nutrients |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3866 |
| _version_ | 1797509018116161536 |
|---|---|
| author | Matthias Laudes Corinna Geisler Nathalie Rohmann Jildau Bouwman Tobias Pischon Kristina Schlicht |
| author_facet | Matthias Laudes Corinna Geisler Nathalie Rohmann Jildau Bouwman Tobias Pischon Kristina Schlicht |
| author_sort | Matthias Laudes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Within the last two decades tremendous efforts in biomedicine have been undertaken to understand the interplay of commensal bacteria living in and on our human body with our own human physiology. It became clear that (1) a high diversity especially of the microbial communities in the gut are important to preserve health and that (2) certain bacteria via nutrition-microbe-host metabolic axes are beneficially affecting various functions of the host, including metabolic control, energy balance and immune function. While a large set of evidence indicate a special role for small chain fatty acids (SCFA) in that context, recently also metabolites of amino acids (e.g., tryptophan and arginine) moved into scientific attention. Of interest, microbiome alterations are not only important in nutrition associated diseases like obesity and diabetes, but also in many chronic inflammatory, oncological and neurological abnormalities. From a clinician’s point of view, it should be mentioned, that the microbiome is not only interesting to develop novel therapies, but also as a modifiable factor to improve efficiency of modern pharmaceutics, e.g., immune-therapeutics in oncology. However, so far, most data rely on animal experiments or human association studies, whereas controlled clinical intervention studies are spare. Hence, the translation of the knowledge of the last decades into clinical routine will be the challenge of microbiome based biomedical research for the next years. This review aims to provide examples for future clinical applications in various entities and to suggest bacterial species and/or microbial effector molecules as potential targets for intervention studies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:12:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8ce6e8917db9409db4323740eebff34b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:12:01Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-8ce6e8917db9409db4323740eebff34b2023-11-23T00:47:07ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-10-011311386610.3390/nu13113866Microbiota in Health and Disease—Potential Clinical ApplicationsMatthias Laudes0Corinna Geisler1Nathalie Rohmann2Jildau Bouwman3Tobias Pischon4Kristina Schlicht5Institute of Diabetes and Clinical Metabolic Research, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, GermanyInstitute of Diabetes and Clinical Metabolic Research, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, GermanyInstitute of Diabetes and Clinical Metabolic Research, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, GermanyMicrobiology and Systems Biology Group, TNO, Utrechtseweg 48, 3704 HE Zeist, The NetherlandsMolecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, GermanyInstitute of Diabetes and Clinical Metabolic Research, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, GermanyWithin the last two decades tremendous efforts in biomedicine have been undertaken to understand the interplay of commensal bacteria living in and on our human body with our own human physiology. It became clear that (1) a high diversity especially of the microbial communities in the gut are important to preserve health and that (2) certain bacteria via nutrition-microbe-host metabolic axes are beneficially affecting various functions of the host, including metabolic control, energy balance and immune function. While a large set of evidence indicate a special role for small chain fatty acids (SCFA) in that context, recently also metabolites of amino acids (e.g., tryptophan and arginine) moved into scientific attention. Of interest, microbiome alterations are not only important in nutrition associated diseases like obesity and diabetes, but also in many chronic inflammatory, oncological and neurological abnormalities. From a clinician’s point of view, it should be mentioned, that the microbiome is not only interesting to develop novel therapies, but also as a modifiable factor to improve efficiency of modern pharmaceutics, e.g., immune-therapeutics in oncology. However, so far, most data rely on animal experiments or human association studies, whereas controlled clinical intervention studies are spare. Hence, the translation of the knowledge of the last decades into clinical routine will be the challenge of microbiome based biomedical research for the next years. This review aims to provide examples for future clinical applications in various entities and to suggest bacterial species and/or microbial effector molecules as potential targets for intervention studies.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3866microbiomegastroenterologyoncologyneurology |
| spellingShingle | Matthias Laudes Corinna Geisler Nathalie Rohmann Jildau Bouwman Tobias Pischon Kristina Schlicht Microbiota in Health and Disease—Potential Clinical Applications Nutrients microbiome gastroenterology oncology neurology |
| title | Microbiota in Health and Disease—Potential Clinical Applications |
| title_full | Microbiota in Health and Disease—Potential Clinical Applications |
| title_fullStr | Microbiota in Health and Disease—Potential Clinical Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microbiota in Health and Disease—Potential Clinical Applications |
| title_short | Microbiota in Health and Disease—Potential Clinical Applications |
| title_sort | microbiota in health and disease potential clinical applications |
| topic | microbiome gastroenterology oncology neurology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3866 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT matthiaslaudes microbiotainhealthanddiseasepotentialclinicalapplications AT corinnageisler microbiotainhealthanddiseasepotentialclinicalapplications AT nathalierohmann microbiotainhealthanddiseasepotentialclinicalapplications AT jildaubouwman microbiotainhealthanddiseasepotentialclinicalapplications AT tobiaspischon microbiotainhealthanddiseasepotentialclinicalapplications AT kristinaschlicht microbiotainhealthanddiseasepotentialclinicalapplications |