How to Decide the Iodine Content in Salt for a Country—China as an Example
Globally, many countries have implemented universal salt iodization to prevent and control iodine deficiency disorders. Therefore, it is important to determine the optimal iodine content in salt and to adjust it in a timely manner. This article aims to establish a process for selecting, deciding, an...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/21/4606 |
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| author | Lijun Fan Yang Du Fangang Meng Lixiang Liu Ming Li Peng Liu Dianjun Sun |
| author_facet | Lijun Fan Yang Du Fangang Meng Lixiang Liu Ming Li Peng Liu Dianjun Sun |
| author_sort | Lijun Fan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Globally, many countries have implemented universal salt iodization to prevent and control iodine deficiency disorders. Therefore, it is important to determine the optimal iodine content in salt and to adjust it in a timely manner. This article aims to establish a process for selecting, deciding, and evaluating the iodine content in salt for China and, if possible, providing references for other countries. Information on salt intake, water iodine, and iodine stability in salt was collected. A field investigation was carried out in different populations in four provinces. Iodine intake was calculated and the appropriate iodine content for salt preliminarily obtained, then verified for suitability with 2020 China National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Surveillance data. In total, 2837 children, 1660 adults, and 2145 pregnant women were enrolled, and their iodine intake from food was 3.7–96.1, 60.0–156.0 and 65.0–112.0 µg/d, respectively. After calculation, when the iodine content in salt was 20, 25 and 30 mg/kg, for children and adults, the total iodine intake ranged from 173.4 to 253.5 µg/d and 230.3 to 379.8 µg/d, respectively. When the iodine content in salt was 30 and 35 mg/kg, for pregnant women, the total iodine intake was 296.8–408.9 µg/d, which was between the recommended nutrient intake and tolerable upper intake level. Therefore, in China, the iodine content in salt in the general population can be preset as 20, 25 and 30 mg/kg, and that in pregnant women 30 and 35 mg/kg, with a variation of ±5 mg/kg based on the automatic spraying technique used in the salt processing plant. Iodine nutritional status was then evaluated according to the preset iodine content in the salt, and it reached the appropriate level for the different populations. The iodine content in salt in China was decided and verified, and the procedure of selecting the iodine content in salt was established for the reference of different countries. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:46:08Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-8cee8c2b7a2f4371aa14baab44fb3f5f2023-11-24T06:14:15ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432022-11-011421460610.3390/nu14214606How to Decide the Iodine Content in Salt for a Country—China as an ExampleLijun Fan0Yang Du1Fangang Meng2Lixiang Liu3Ming Li4Peng Liu5Dianjun Sun6Endemic Disease Control Center, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, ChinaEndemic Disease Control Center, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, ChinaEndemic Disease Control Center, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, ChinaEndemic Disease Control Center, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, ChinaEndemic Disease Control Center, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, ChinaEndemic Disease Control Center, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, ChinaEndemic Disease Control Center, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, ChinaGlobally, many countries have implemented universal salt iodization to prevent and control iodine deficiency disorders. Therefore, it is important to determine the optimal iodine content in salt and to adjust it in a timely manner. This article aims to establish a process for selecting, deciding, and evaluating the iodine content in salt for China and, if possible, providing references for other countries. Information on salt intake, water iodine, and iodine stability in salt was collected. A field investigation was carried out in different populations in four provinces. Iodine intake was calculated and the appropriate iodine content for salt preliminarily obtained, then verified for suitability with 2020 China National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Surveillance data. In total, 2837 children, 1660 adults, and 2145 pregnant women were enrolled, and their iodine intake from food was 3.7–96.1, 60.0–156.0 and 65.0–112.0 µg/d, respectively. After calculation, when the iodine content in salt was 20, 25 and 30 mg/kg, for children and adults, the total iodine intake ranged from 173.4 to 253.5 µg/d and 230.3 to 379.8 µg/d, respectively. When the iodine content in salt was 30 and 35 mg/kg, for pregnant women, the total iodine intake was 296.8–408.9 µg/d, which was between the recommended nutrient intake and tolerable upper intake level. Therefore, in China, the iodine content in salt in the general population can be preset as 20, 25 and 30 mg/kg, and that in pregnant women 30 and 35 mg/kg, with a variation of ±5 mg/kg based on the automatic spraying technique used in the salt processing plant. Iodine nutritional status was then evaluated according to the preset iodine content in the salt, and it reached the appropriate level for the different populations. The iodine content in salt in China was decided and verified, and the procedure of selecting the iodine content in salt was established for the reference of different countries.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/21/4606iodine deficiency disordersiodine contentiodized salturinary iodinegoiter |
| spellingShingle | Lijun Fan Yang Du Fangang Meng Lixiang Liu Ming Li Peng Liu Dianjun Sun How to Decide the Iodine Content in Salt for a Country—China as an Example Nutrients iodine deficiency disorders iodine content iodized salt urinary iodine goiter |
| title | How to Decide the Iodine Content in Salt for a Country—China as an Example |
| title_full | How to Decide the Iodine Content in Salt for a Country—China as an Example |
| title_fullStr | How to Decide the Iodine Content in Salt for a Country—China as an Example |
| title_full_unstemmed | How to Decide the Iodine Content in Salt for a Country—China as an Example |
| title_short | How to Decide the Iodine Content in Salt for a Country—China as an Example |
| title_sort | how to decide the iodine content in salt for a country china as an example |
| topic | iodine deficiency disorders iodine content iodized salt urinary iodine goiter |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/21/4606 |
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