Effect of Instrument Design and Technique on the Precision and Accuracy of Objective Refraction Measurement
Background: To evaluate the precision and accuracy of objective refraction measurement obtained with combinations of instrument design and technique. We also compared the performance of the instruments with subjective refraction measurements. Method and analysis: The objective refraction was measure...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/10/3061 |
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| author | Alberto Domínguez-Vicent Loujain Al-Soboh Rune Brautaset Abinaya Priya Venkataraman |
| author_facet | Alberto Domínguez-Vicent Loujain Al-Soboh Rune Brautaset Abinaya Priya Venkataraman |
| author_sort | Alberto Domínguez-Vicent |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: To evaluate the precision and accuracy of objective refraction measurement obtained with combinations of instrument design and technique. We also compared the performance of the instruments with subjective refraction measurements. Method and analysis: The objective refraction was measured in 71 subjects with three autorefractometers that have different designs and measurement principles (binocular with fogging, binocular without fogging, and monocular with fogging). Repeatability and reproducibility metrics were calculated for the objective refraction measurements. The agreement of the objective refraction measurements between the three instruments and the agreement with the subjective refraction measurements were evaluated. Results: All three autorefractometers had repeatability and reproducibility limits smaller than 0.70D. The smallest difference (0.10D) in the spherical equivalent was seen between the two binocular instruments. Compared with the subjective refraction, the binocular without fogging technique had the smallest mean difference in spherical equivalent (<0.20D) whereas the binocular fogging technique had the smallest limit of agreement interval (1.00D). For all comparisons, the mean difference and limit of agreement interval for the cylindrical components were lower than 0.10D and 0.75D, respectively. Conclusion: All three instruments evaluated had good repeatability and reproducibility. The binocular fogging technique provided the best agreement with subjective refraction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:07:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8d0fb67808d54e8a970e1a4e01aee8cc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:07:48Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-8d0fb67808d54e8a970e1a4e01aee8cc2023-11-20T14:45:00ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832020-09-01910306110.3390/jcm9103061Effect of Instrument Design and Technique on the Precision and Accuracy of Objective Refraction MeasurementAlberto Domínguez-Vicent0Loujain Al-Soboh1Rune Brautaset2Abinaya Priya Venkataraman3Section of Eye and Vision, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, SwedenSection of Eye and Vision, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, SwedenSection of Eye and Vision, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, SwedenSection of Eye and Vision, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, SwedenBackground: To evaluate the precision and accuracy of objective refraction measurement obtained with combinations of instrument design and technique. We also compared the performance of the instruments with subjective refraction measurements. Method and analysis: The objective refraction was measured in 71 subjects with three autorefractometers that have different designs and measurement principles (binocular with fogging, binocular without fogging, and monocular with fogging). Repeatability and reproducibility metrics were calculated for the objective refraction measurements. The agreement of the objective refraction measurements between the three instruments and the agreement with the subjective refraction measurements were evaluated. Results: All three autorefractometers had repeatability and reproducibility limits smaller than 0.70D. The smallest difference (0.10D) in the spherical equivalent was seen between the two binocular instruments. Compared with the subjective refraction, the binocular without fogging technique had the smallest mean difference in spherical equivalent (<0.20D) whereas the binocular fogging technique had the smallest limit of agreement interval (1.00D). For all comparisons, the mean difference and limit of agreement interval for the cylindrical components were lower than 0.10D and 0.75D, respectively. Conclusion: All three instruments evaluated had good repeatability and reproducibility. The binocular fogging technique provided the best agreement with subjective refraction.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/10/3061refractionfoggingmonocular/binocular viewprecision |
| spellingShingle | Alberto Domínguez-Vicent Loujain Al-Soboh Rune Brautaset Abinaya Priya Venkataraman Effect of Instrument Design and Technique on the Precision and Accuracy of Objective Refraction Measurement Journal of Clinical Medicine refraction fogging monocular/binocular view precision |
| title | Effect of Instrument Design and Technique on the Precision and Accuracy of Objective Refraction Measurement |
| title_full | Effect of Instrument Design and Technique on the Precision and Accuracy of Objective Refraction Measurement |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Instrument Design and Technique on the Precision and Accuracy of Objective Refraction Measurement |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Instrument Design and Technique on the Precision and Accuracy of Objective Refraction Measurement |
| title_short | Effect of Instrument Design and Technique on the Precision and Accuracy of Objective Refraction Measurement |
| title_sort | effect of instrument design and technique on the precision and accuracy of objective refraction measurement |
| topic | refraction fogging monocular/binocular view precision |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/10/3061 |
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