Blockchain technology meets 6 G wireless networks: A systematic survey
To address the limitations of 5 G, 6 G wireless networks are envisaged to provide sub-millisecond latency, ultra-high connection density, extremely high data rates, better coverage, reliability, availability, etc., for cloud computing, Internet-of-Everything, and cyber-physical systems. However, avo...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Alexandria Engineering Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110016824001704 |
| _version_ | 1797238052131700736 |
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| author | Khan Maaz Bin Hasan Mohammad Sajid Maria A. Lapina Mohammad Shahid Ketan Kotecha |
| author_facet | Khan Maaz Bin Hasan Mohammad Sajid Maria A. Lapina Mohammad Shahid Ketan Kotecha |
| author_sort | Khan Maaz Bin Hasan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To address the limitations of 5 G, 6 G wireless networks are envisaged to provide sub-millisecond latency, ultra-high connection density, extremely high data rates, better coverage, reliability, availability, etc., for cloud computing, Internet-of-Everything, and cyber-physical systems. However, avoiding several trust-related issues in the design of the wireless networks may delay the goal. In recent years, Blockchain has become a promising technology that can transform various fields by providing innovative and profitable solutions. Blockchain’s intrinsic features, such as immutability, decentralization, anonymity, and transparency, can corroborate trust among isolated networks to secure access control, authentication, better integrity, secrecy, and effectual resource sharing. This paper paints a holistic picture of 6 G wireless networks and Blockchain, including architecture, Blockchain-assisted 6 G services, deployment, 6 G-assisted Blockchain service models, consensus mechanisms for Blockchain-as-a-Service, 6 G-assisted mining and consensus, and others. It also sheds light on the integration possibilities of Blockchain and 6 G, its potential benefits, and the effects of consensus mechanisms on 6 G concerning security, scalability, and energy consumption, to name a few. The existing 6 G projects and applications have also been summarized, along with the discussion on research and projects to standardize 6 G. Various research directions for Blockchain, 6 G, and their integration have also been explored and reported. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T14:02:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8d1d548b9e334baea5577192a3b28dac |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1110-0168 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:29:30Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Alexandria Engineering Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-8d1d548b9e334baea5577192a3b28dac2024-03-28T06:37:06ZengElsevierAlexandria Engineering Journal1110-01682024-04-0192199220Blockchain technology meets 6 G wireless networks: A systematic surveyKhan Maaz Bin Hasan0Mohammad Sajid1Maria A. Lapina2Mohammad Shahid3Ketan Kotecha4Department of Computer Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, IndiaDepartment of Computer Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, IndiaNorth-Caucasus Federal University, Stavropol, RussiaDepartment of Commerce, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, IndiaSymbiosis Centre for Applied Artificial Intelligence, Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International University, Pune 411045, India; Corresponding author.To address the limitations of 5 G, 6 G wireless networks are envisaged to provide sub-millisecond latency, ultra-high connection density, extremely high data rates, better coverage, reliability, availability, etc., for cloud computing, Internet-of-Everything, and cyber-physical systems. However, avoiding several trust-related issues in the design of the wireless networks may delay the goal. In recent years, Blockchain has become a promising technology that can transform various fields by providing innovative and profitable solutions. Blockchain’s intrinsic features, such as immutability, decentralization, anonymity, and transparency, can corroborate trust among isolated networks to secure access control, authentication, better integrity, secrecy, and effectual resource sharing. This paper paints a holistic picture of 6 G wireless networks and Blockchain, including architecture, Blockchain-assisted 6 G services, deployment, 6 G-assisted Blockchain service models, consensus mechanisms for Blockchain-as-a-Service, 6 G-assisted mining and consensus, and others. It also sheds light on the integration possibilities of Blockchain and 6 G, its potential benefits, and the effects of consensus mechanisms on 6 G concerning security, scalability, and energy consumption, to name a few. The existing 6 G projects and applications have also been summarized, along with the discussion on research and projects to standardize 6 G. Various research directions for Blockchain, 6 G, and their integration have also been explored and reported.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S11100168240017046G wireless networkBlockchain technologyInternet of everything (IoE)SecurityCloud computingCyber-physical systems |
| spellingShingle | Khan Maaz Bin Hasan Mohammad Sajid Maria A. Lapina Mohammad Shahid Ketan Kotecha Blockchain technology meets 6 G wireless networks: A systematic survey Alexandria Engineering Journal 6G wireless network Blockchain technology Internet of everything (IoE) Security Cloud computing Cyber-physical systems |
| title | Blockchain technology meets 6 G wireless networks: A systematic survey |
| title_full | Blockchain technology meets 6 G wireless networks: A systematic survey |
| title_fullStr | Blockchain technology meets 6 G wireless networks: A systematic survey |
| title_full_unstemmed | Blockchain technology meets 6 G wireless networks: A systematic survey |
| title_short | Blockchain technology meets 6 G wireless networks: A systematic survey |
| title_sort | blockchain technology meets 6 g wireless networks a systematic survey |
| topic | 6G wireless network Blockchain technology Internet of everything (IoE) Security Cloud computing Cyber-physical systems |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110016824001704 |
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