First isolation of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 from sports animals in Southern Thailand
Background and Aim: Escherichia coli O157:H7 is enterohemorrhagic E. coli, which produces verocytotoxin or Shiga toxin. It is a well-known cause of severe diseases in humans worldwide. Cattle and other ruminants are the main reservoirs of this organism. Sports animals, such as fighting bulls, riding...
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Veterinary World
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Veterinary World |
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| Online Access: | http://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.15/September-2022/20.pdf |
| _version_ | 1811266231690330112 |
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| author | Jirarat Songsri Wanida Mala Sueptrakool Wisessombat Kesinee Siritham Sahida Cheha Nattita Noisa Tuempong Wongtawan Wiyada Kwanhian Klangbud |
| author_facet | Jirarat Songsri Wanida Mala Sueptrakool Wisessombat Kesinee Siritham Sahida Cheha Nattita Noisa Tuempong Wongtawan Wiyada Kwanhian Klangbud |
| author_sort | Jirarat Songsri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and Aim: Escherichia coli O157:H7 is enterohemorrhagic E. coli, which produces verocytotoxin or Shiga toxin. It is a well-known cause of severe diseases in humans worldwide. Cattle and other ruminants are the main reservoirs of this organism. Sports animals, such as fighting bulls, riding horses, and fighting cocks, are economic animals in Southern Thailand. This study aimed to identify E. coli O157:H7 from the rectal swabs of these sports animals and determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of isolated bacteria.
Materials and Methods: The rectal swabs were collected from 34 fighting bulls, 32 riding horses, and 31 fighting cocks. The swabs were cultured on MacConkey (MAC) Agar; the suspected colonies were then identified by VITEK® 2 GN card, and the antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by VITEK® 2 AST N194 in VITEK® 2 Compact automation. Escherichia coli O157:H7 was confirmed by culturing on sorbitol MAC agar, the ability to grow at 44°C, and the presence of H7 antigen. In addition, the eaeA (E. coli attaching and effacing), along with stx1 and stx2 (Shiga cytotoxins) genes, were determined using polymerase chain reaction. Finally, the cytotoxicity of Shiga toxin was confirmed using the Vero cytotoxicity test.
Results: Fifty-five suspected isolates (56.70%), which were collected from 19 fighting bulls (55.88%), 13 riding horses (40.63%), and 23 fighting cocks (71.13%), were identified as E. coli. However, one sample (Bull H9/1) from fighting bulls had an equal confidence level (50%) for E. coli and E. coli O157. The confirmation of this isolate demonstrated that it was sorbitol non-fermenter, could assimilate L-lactate, was unable to grow well at 44°C, and reacted with anti-serum to H7 antigen. In addition, it was positive with stx2 and eaeA genes, and the toxin affected Vero cells by a dose-dependent response. The antimicrobial susceptibility test revealed that five out of 55 (9.09%) E. coli isolates were resistant to antimicrobial agents. All five isolates (21.74%) were collected from fighting cocks. Escherichia coli Cock H4/3 was only one of the five isolates resistant to three antimicrobial agents (ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole). Fortunately, it was not multidrug-resistant bacteria.
Conclusion: This is the first report on detection of E. coli O157:H7 in fighting bulls and antibiotic-resistant characteristic of E. coli in fighting cocks in Southern Thailand. This research is beneficial in preventing the dissemination of E. coli O157:H7 or antimicrobial agent-resistant E. coli in sports animals and humans. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-8d2de6c4d045461fb4eff2930f6d235d2022-12-22T03:17:30ZengVeterinary WorldVeterinary World0972-89882231-09162022-09-011592275228410.14202/vetworld.2022.2275-2284First isolation of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 from sports animals in Southern ThailandJirarat Songsri0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9108-5457Wanida Mala1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6244-9784Sueptrakool Wisessombat2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7628-1628Kesinee Siritham3Sahida Cheha4Nattita Noisa5Tuempong Wongtawan6https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6948-4144Wiyada Kwanhian Klangbud7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5247-166XDepartment of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand; Center of Excellence Research for Melioidosis and Microorganisms, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand.Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand; Center of Excellence Research for Melioidosis and Microorganisms, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand.Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand; Center of Excellence Research for Melioidosis and Microorganisms, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand.Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand.Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand.Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand.Department of Veterinary Medicine , Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand.Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand; Center of Excellence Research for Melioidosis and Microorganisms, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand.Background and Aim: Escherichia coli O157:H7 is enterohemorrhagic E. coli, which produces verocytotoxin or Shiga toxin. It is a well-known cause of severe diseases in humans worldwide. Cattle and other ruminants are the main reservoirs of this organism. Sports animals, such as fighting bulls, riding horses, and fighting cocks, are economic animals in Southern Thailand. This study aimed to identify E. coli O157:H7 from the rectal swabs of these sports animals and determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of isolated bacteria. Materials and Methods: The rectal swabs were collected from 34 fighting bulls, 32 riding horses, and 31 fighting cocks. The swabs were cultured on MacConkey (MAC) Agar; the suspected colonies were then identified by VITEK® 2 GN card, and the antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by VITEK® 2 AST N194 in VITEK® 2 Compact automation. Escherichia coli O157:H7 was confirmed by culturing on sorbitol MAC agar, the ability to grow at 44°C, and the presence of H7 antigen. In addition, the eaeA (E. coli attaching and effacing), along with stx1 and stx2 (Shiga cytotoxins) genes, were determined using polymerase chain reaction. Finally, the cytotoxicity of Shiga toxin was confirmed using the Vero cytotoxicity test. Results: Fifty-five suspected isolates (56.70%), which were collected from 19 fighting bulls (55.88%), 13 riding horses (40.63%), and 23 fighting cocks (71.13%), were identified as E. coli. However, one sample (Bull H9/1) from fighting bulls had an equal confidence level (50%) for E. coli and E. coli O157. The confirmation of this isolate demonstrated that it was sorbitol non-fermenter, could assimilate L-lactate, was unable to grow well at 44°C, and reacted with anti-serum to H7 antigen. In addition, it was positive with stx2 and eaeA genes, and the toxin affected Vero cells by a dose-dependent response. The antimicrobial susceptibility test revealed that five out of 55 (9.09%) E. coli isolates were resistant to antimicrobial agents. All five isolates (21.74%) were collected from fighting cocks. Escherichia coli Cock H4/3 was only one of the five isolates resistant to three antimicrobial agents (ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole). Fortunately, it was not multidrug-resistant bacteria. Conclusion: This is the first report on detection of E. coli O157:H7 in fighting bulls and antibiotic-resistant characteristic of E. coli in fighting cocks in Southern Thailand. This research is beneficial in preventing the dissemination of E. coli O157:H7 or antimicrobial agent-resistant E. coli in sports animals and humans.http://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.15/September-2022/20.pdfescherichia coli o157:h7fighting bullsfighting cocksriding horsessport animalverocytotoxin |
| spellingShingle | Jirarat Songsri Wanida Mala Sueptrakool Wisessombat Kesinee Siritham Sahida Cheha Nattita Noisa Tuempong Wongtawan Wiyada Kwanhian Klangbud First isolation of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 from sports animals in Southern Thailand Veterinary World escherichia coli o157:h7 fighting bulls fighting cocks riding horses sport animal verocytotoxin |
| title | First isolation of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 from sports animals in Southern Thailand |
| title_full | First isolation of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 from sports animals in Southern Thailand |
| title_fullStr | First isolation of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 from sports animals in Southern Thailand |
| title_full_unstemmed | First isolation of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 from sports animals in Southern Thailand |
| title_short | First isolation of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 from sports animals in Southern Thailand |
| title_sort | first isolation of verocytotoxin producing escherichia coli o157 h7 from sports animals in southern thailand |
| topic | escherichia coli o157:h7 fighting bulls fighting cocks riding horses sport animal verocytotoxin |
| url | http://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.15/September-2022/20.pdf |
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