Temperature effect on the mechanical behavior of shale: Implication for shale gas production
Deformational shale attributes such as fracture toughness, tensile strength, and axial point load strength (PLS) index under elevated temperatures are crucial for the petroleum and gas industries. Here, an attempt has been made to investigate the thermal response of shale from room temperature to 40...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Geosystems and Geoenvironment |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772883822000553 |
| _version_ | 1811226492574629888 |
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| author | Vikram Vishal Mohd. Rizwan Bankim Mahanta S.P. Pradhan T.N. Singh |
| author_facet | Vikram Vishal Mohd. Rizwan Bankim Mahanta S.P. Pradhan T.N. Singh |
| author_sort | Vikram Vishal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Deformational shale attributes such as fracture toughness, tensile strength, and axial point load strength (PLS) index under elevated temperatures are crucial for the petroleum and gas industries. Here, an attempt has been made to investigate the thermal response of shale from room temperature to 400°C. Three-point bending (TPB) test using semi-circular bending (SCB) specimen, Brazilian tensile test, and the point load strength index test were conducted to evaluate mode-I fracture toughness, tensile strength, and PLS index, respectively, with varying temperatures. Additionally, the X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed to determine the bulk rock composition and the resulting phase changes with increasing temperature. Furthermore, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used to study the induced microcracks in the sample due to thermal treatment. It was found that the mode-I fracture toughness increased from 25°C up to 100°C and, after that, a slight decline up to 400°C. The fracture toughness of the shale got increases from 0.256 MPa·m1/2 to 0.454 MPa·m1/2 in a transition from ambient room condition to 400°C. The same trend was obtained for tensile strength and PLS index. With the same temperature range, the tensile strength of the shale changed from 7.94 MPa to 9.75 MPa. The SEM images of the thermally treated samples demonstrate the formation of noticeable microcracks at 400°C. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T09:26:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8d3c948de97f47d49a85de30a3d095a9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2772-8838 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T09:26:09Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geosystems and Geoenvironment |
| spelling | doaj.art-8d3c948de97f47d49a85de30a3d095a92022-12-22T03:38:30ZengElsevierGeosystems and Geoenvironment2772-88382022-11-0114100078Temperature effect on the mechanical behavior of shale: Implication for shale gas productionVikram Vishal0Mohd. Rizwan1Bankim Mahanta2S.P. Pradhan3T.N. Singh4Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India; Corresponding author.Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, IndiaDepartment of Geology, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur 610005, IndiaDepartment of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, IndiaDepartment of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, IndiaDeformational shale attributes such as fracture toughness, tensile strength, and axial point load strength (PLS) index under elevated temperatures are crucial for the petroleum and gas industries. Here, an attempt has been made to investigate the thermal response of shale from room temperature to 400°C. Three-point bending (TPB) test using semi-circular bending (SCB) specimen, Brazilian tensile test, and the point load strength index test were conducted to evaluate mode-I fracture toughness, tensile strength, and PLS index, respectively, with varying temperatures. Additionally, the X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed to determine the bulk rock composition and the resulting phase changes with increasing temperature. Furthermore, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used to study the induced microcracks in the sample due to thermal treatment. It was found that the mode-I fracture toughness increased from 25°C up to 100°C and, after that, a slight decline up to 400°C. The fracture toughness of the shale got increases from 0.256 MPa·m1/2 to 0.454 MPa·m1/2 in a transition from ambient room condition to 400°C. The same trend was obtained for tensile strength and PLS index. With the same temperature range, the tensile strength of the shale changed from 7.94 MPa to 9.75 MPa. The SEM images of the thermally treated samples demonstrate the formation of noticeable microcracks at 400°C.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772883822000553ShaleMode-I fracture toughnessTensile strengthPoint load strength index |
| spellingShingle | Vikram Vishal Mohd. Rizwan Bankim Mahanta S.P. Pradhan T.N. Singh Temperature effect on the mechanical behavior of shale: Implication for shale gas production Geosystems and Geoenvironment Shale Mode-I fracture toughness Tensile strength Point load strength index |
| title | Temperature effect on the mechanical behavior of shale: Implication for shale gas production |
| title_full | Temperature effect on the mechanical behavior of shale: Implication for shale gas production |
| title_fullStr | Temperature effect on the mechanical behavior of shale: Implication for shale gas production |
| title_full_unstemmed | Temperature effect on the mechanical behavior of shale: Implication for shale gas production |
| title_short | Temperature effect on the mechanical behavior of shale: Implication for shale gas production |
| title_sort | temperature effect on the mechanical behavior of shale implication for shale gas production |
| topic | Shale Mode-I fracture toughness Tensile strength Point load strength index |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772883822000553 |
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