Age and sex mediated effects of estrogen and Β3-adrenergic receptor on cardiovascular pathophysiology
Sex differences are consistently identified in determining the prevalence, manifestation, and response to therapies in several systemic disorders, including those affecting the cardiovascular (CV), skeletal muscle, and nervous system. Interestingly, such differences are often more noticeable as we a...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-06-01
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| Series: | Experimental Gerontology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0531556524000627 |
| _version_ | 1797217112182226944 |
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| author | Graziamaria Corbi Marika Comegna Caterina Vinciguerra Alessio Capasso Luigi Onorato Alfonso Maria Salucci Antonio Rapacciuolo Alessandro Cannavo |
| author_facet | Graziamaria Corbi Marika Comegna Caterina Vinciguerra Alessio Capasso Luigi Onorato Alfonso Maria Salucci Antonio Rapacciuolo Alessandro Cannavo |
| author_sort | Graziamaria Corbi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sex differences are consistently identified in determining the prevalence, manifestation, and response to therapies in several systemic disorders, including those affecting the cardiovascular (CV), skeletal muscle, and nervous system. Interestingly, such differences are often more noticeable as we age. For example, premenopausal women experience a lower risk of CV disease than men of the same age. While at an advanced age, with menopause, the risk of cardiovascular diseases and adverse outcomes increases exponentially in women, exceeding that of men. However, this effect appears to be reversed in diseases such as pulmonary hypertension, where women are up to seven times more likely than men to develop an idiopathic form of the disease with symptoms developing ten years earlier than their male counterparts. Explaining this is a complex question. However, several factors and mechanisms have been identified in recent decades, including a role for sex hormones, particularly estrogens and their related receptors. Furthermore, an emerging role in these sex differences has also been suggested for β-adrenergic receptors (βARs), which are essential regulators of mammalian physiology. It has in fact been shown that βARs interact with estrogen receptors (ER), providing further demonstration of their involvement in determining sexual differences.Based on these premises, this review article focused on the β3AR subtype, which shows important activities in adipose tissue but with new and interesting roles in regulating the function of cardiomyocytes and vascular cells. In detail, we examined how β3AR and ER signaling are intertwined and whether there would be sex- and age-dependent specific effects of these receptor systems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T11:56:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8d3db4ebcd36475794e5cc48aeabde11 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1873-6815 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T11:56:40Z |
| publishDate | 2024-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Experimental Gerontology |
| spelling | doaj.art-8d3db4ebcd36475794e5cc48aeabde112024-04-09T04:12:40ZengElsevierExperimental Gerontology1873-68152024-06-01190112420Age and sex mediated effects of estrogen and Β3-adrenergic receptor on cardiovascular pathophysiologyGraziamaria Corbi0Marika Comegna1Caterina Vinciguerra2Alessio Capasso3Luigi Onorato4Alfonso Maria Salucci5Antonio Rapacciuolo6Alessandro Cannavo7Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyDepartment of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies – Franco Salvatore, Naples, ItalyDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyDepartment of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, ItalyDepartment of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, ItalyDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Corresponding author at: Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.Sex differences are consistently identified in determining the prevalence, manifestation, and response to therapies in several systemic disorders, including those affecting the cardiovascular (CV), skeletal muscle, and nervous system. Interestingly, such differences are often more noticeable as we age. For example, premenopausal women experience a lower risk of CV disease than men of the same age. While at an advanced age, with menopause, the risk of cardiovascular diseases and adverse outcomes increases exponentially in women, exceeding that of men. However, this effect appears to be reversed in diseases such as pulmonary hypertension, where women are up to seven times more likely than men to develop an idiopathic form of the disease with symptoms developing ten years earlier than their male counterparts. Explaining this is a complex question. However, several factors and mechanisms have been identified in recent decades, including a role for sex hormones, particularly estrogens and their related receptors. Furthermore, an emerging role in these sex differences has also been suggested for β-adrenergic receptors (βARs), which are essential regulators of mammalian physiology. It has in fact been shown that βARs interact with estrogen receptors (ER), providing further demonstration of their involvement in determining sexual differences.Based on these premises, this review article focused on the β3AR subtype, which shows important activities in adipose tissue but with new and interesting roles in regulating the function of cardiomyocytes and vascular cells. In detail, we examined how β3AR and ER signaling are intertwined and whether there would be sex- and age-dependent specific effects of these receptor systems.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0531556524000627CardiovascularEstrogenReceptorsAdrenergicSex/gender differencesMenopause |
| spellingShingle | Graziamaria Corbi Marika Comegna Caterina Vinciguerra Alessio Capasso Luigi Onorato Alfonso Maria Salucci Antonio Rapacciuolo Alessandro Cannavo Age and sex mediated effects of estrogen and Β3-adrenergic receptor on cardiovascular pathophysiology Experimental Gerontology Cardiovascular Estrogen Receptors Adrenergic Sex/gender differences Menopause |
| title | Age and sex mediated effects of estrogen and Β3-adrenergic receptor on cardiovascular pathophysiology |
| title_full | Age and sex mediated effects of estrogen and Β3-adrenergic receptor on cardiovascular pathophysiology |
| title_fullStr | Age and sex mediated effects of estrogen and Β3-adrenergic receptor on cardiovascular pathophysiology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Age and sex mediated effects of estrogen and Β3-adrenergic receptor on cardiovascular pathophysiology |
| title_short | Age and sex mediated effects of estrogen and Β3-adrenergic receptor on cardiovascular pathophysiology |
| title_sort | age and sex mediated effects of estrogen and β3 adrenergic receptor on cardiovascular pathophysiology |
| topic | Cardiovascular Estrogen Receptors Adrenergic Sex/gender differences Menopause |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0531556524000627 |
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