Wireless Sensor Networks for Precision Agriculture: A Review of NPK Sensor Implementations
The integration of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) into agricultural areas has had a significant impact and has provided new, more complex, efficient, and structured solutions for enhancing crop production. This study reviews the role of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in monitoring the macronutrien...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/1/51 |
| _version_ | 1827384484744396800 |
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| author | Purnawarman Musa Herik Sugeru Eri Prasetyo Wibowo |
| author_facet | Purnawarman Musa Herik Sugeru Eri Prasetyo Wibowo |
| author_sort | Purnawarman Musa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The integration of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) into agricultural areas has had a significant impact and has provided new, more complex, efficient, and structured solutions for enhancing crop production. This study reviews the role of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in monitoring the macronutrient content of plants. This review study focuses on identifying the types of sensors used to measure macronutrients, determining sensor placement within agricultural areas, implementing wireless technology for sensor communication, and selecting device transmission intervals and ratings. The study of NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) monitoring using sensor technology in precision agriculture is of high significance in efforts to improve agricultural productivity and efficiency. Incorporating Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) into the ongoing progress of proposed sensor node placement design has been a significant facet of this study. Meanwhile, the assessment based on soil samples analyzed for macronutrient content, conducted directly in relation to the comparison between the NPK sensors deployed in this research and the laboratory control sensors, reveals an error rate of 8.47% and can be deemed as a relatively satisfactory outcome. In addition to fostering technological innovations and precision farming solutions, in future this research aims to increase agricultural yields, particularly by enabling the cultivation of certain crops in locations different from their original ones. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T14:58:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8d40133c7dc745d1913291b43dda8d8c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T14:58:30Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-8d40133c7dc745d1913291b43dda8d8c2024-01-10T15:08:21ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202023-12-012415110.3390/s24010051Wireless Sensor Networks for Precision Agriculture: A Review of NPK Sensor ImplementationsPurnawarman Musa0Herik Sugeru1Eri Prasetyo Wibowo2Department of Electrical Engineering, Gunadarma University, Depok 16424, West Java, IndonesiaDepartment of Agriculture Technology, Gunadarma University, Depok 16424, West Java, IndonesiaDepartment of Information Technology, Gunadarma University, Depok 16424, West Java, IndonesiaThe integration of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) into agricultural areas has had a significant impact and has provided new, more complex, efficient, and structured solutions for enhancing crop production. This study reviews the role of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in monitoring the macronutrient content of plants. This review study focuses on identifying the types of sensors used to measure macronutrients, determining sensor placement within agricultural areas, implementing wireless technology for sensor communication, and selecting device transmission intervals and ratings. The study of NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) monitoring using sensor technology in precision agriculture is of high significance in efforts to improve agricultural productivity and efficiency. Incorporating Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) into the ongoing progress of proposed sensor node placement design has been a significant facet of this study. Meanwhile, the assessment based on soil samples analyzed for macronutrient content, conducted directly in relation to the comparison between the NPK sensors deployed in this research and the laboratory control sensors, reveals an error rate of 8.47% and can be deemed as a relatively satisfactory outcome. In addition to fostering technological innovations and precision farming solutions, in future this research aims to increase agricultural yields, particularly by enabling the cultivation of certain crops in locations different from their original ones.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/1/51macro–micro nutrientsnutrient sensornitrogenphosphoruspotassiumsoil nutrient assessment |
| spellingShingle | Purnawarman Musa Herik Sugeru Eri Prasetyo Wibowo Wireless Sensor Networks for Precision Agriculture: A Review of NPK Sensor Implementations Sensors macro–micro nutrients nutrient sensor nitrogen phosphorus potassium soil nutrient assessment |
| title | Wireless Sensor Networks for Precision Agriculture: A Review of NPK Sensor Implementations |
| title_full | Wireless Sensor Networks for Precision Agriculture: A Review of NPK Sensor Implementations |
| title_fullStr | Wireless Sensor Networks for Precision Agriculture: A Review of NPK Sensor Implementations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Wireless Sensor Networks for Precision Agriculture: A Review of NPK Sensor Implementations |
| title_short | Wireless Sensor Networks for Precision Agriculture: A Review of NPK Sensor Implementations |
| title_sort | wireless sensor networks for precision agriculture a review of npk sensor implementations |
| topic | macro–micro nutrients nutrient sensor nitrogen phosphorus potassium soil nutrient assessment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/1/51 |
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