Virulence evolution of Toxoplasma gondii within a multi‐host system
Abstract Current research on the virulence evolution of Toxoplasma gondii is mainly conducted via experiments, and studies using mathematical models are still limited. Here, we constructed a complex cycle model of T. gondii in a multi‐host system considering multiple transmission routes and cat‐mous...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Evolutionary Applications |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13530 |
| _version_ | 1797862115556458496 |
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| author | Mengyue Wang Wen Jiang |
| author_facet | Mengyue Wang Wen Jiang |
| author_sort | Mengyue Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Current research on the virulence evolution of Toxoplasma gondii is mainly conducted via experiments, and studies using mathematical models are still limited. Here, we constructed a complex cycle model of T. gondii in a multi‐host system considering multiple transmission routes and cat‐mouse interaction. Based on this model, we studied how the virulence of T. gondii evolves with the factors related to transmission routes and the regulation of infection on host behavior under an adaptive dynamics framework. The study shows that all factors that enhance the role of mice favored decreased virulence of T. gondii, except the decay rate of oocysts that led to different evolutionary trajectories under different vertical transmission. The same was true of the environmental infection rate of cats, whose effect was different under different vertical transmission. The effect of the regulation factor on the virulence evolution of T. gondii was the same as that of the inherent predation rate depending on its net effect on direct and vertical transmissions. The global sensitivity analysis on the evolutionary outcome suggests that changing the vertical infection rate and decay rate was most effective in regulating the virulence of T. gondii. Furthermore, the presence of coinfection would favor virulent T. gondii and make evolutionary bifurcation easy to occur. The results reveal that the virulence evolution of T. gondii had a compromise between adapting to different transmission routes and maintaining the cat‐mouse interaction thereby leading to different evolutionary scenarios. This highlights the significance of evolutionary ecological feedback to evolution. In addition, the qualitative verification of T. gondii virulence evolution in different areas by the present framework will provide a new perspective for the study of evolution. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T22:14:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8d40931724184447bfa117e230ae4829 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1752-4571 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T22:14:10Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Evolutionary Applications |
| spelling | doaj.art-8d40931724184447bfa117e230ae48292023-03-23T04:48:37ZengWileyEvolutionary Applications1752-45712023-03-0116372173710.1111/eva.13530Virulence evolution of Toxoplasma gondii within a multi‐host systemMengyue Wang0Wen Jiang1Department of Mechanics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan ChinaDepartment of Mechanics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan ChinaAbstract Current research on the virulence evolution of Toxoplasma gondii is mainly conducted via experiments, and studies using mathematical models are still limited. Here, we constructed a complex cycle model of T. gondii in a multi‐host system considering multiple transmission routes and cat‐mouse interaction. Based on this model, we studied how the virulence of T. gondii evolves with the factors related to transmission routes and the regulation of infection on host behavior under an adaptive dynamics framework. The study shows that all factors that enhance the role of mice favored decreased virulence of T. gondii, except the decay rate of oocysts that led to different evolutionary trajectories under different vertical transmission. The same was true of the environmental infection rate of cats, whose effect was different under different vertical transmission. The effect of the regulation factor on the virulence evolution of T. gondii was the same as that of the inherent predation rate depending on its net effect on direct and vertical transmissions. The global sensitivity analysis on the evolutionary outcome suggests that changing the vertical infection rate and decay rate was most effective in regulating the virulence of T. gondii. Furthermore, the presence of coinfection would favor virulent T. gondii and make evolutionary bifurcation easy to occur. The results reveal that the virulence evolution of T. gondii had a compromise between adapting to different transmission routes and maintaining the cat‐mouse interaction thereby leading to different evolutionary scenarios. This highlights the significance of evolutionary ecological feedback to evolution. In addition, the qualitative verification of T. gondii virulence evolution in different areas by the present framework will provide a new perspective for the study of evolution.https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13530adaptive dynamicscat‐mouse interactionevolutionary bifurcationevolutionary ecological feedbackmulti‐host systemvirulence evolution |
| spellingShingle | Mengyue Wang Wen Jiang Virulence evolution of Toxoplasma gondii within a multi‐host system Evolutionary Applications adaptive dynamics cat‐mouse interaction evolutionary bifurcation evolutionary ecological feedback multi‐host system virulence evolution |
| title | Virulence evolution of Toxoplasma gondii within a multi‐host system |
| title_full | Virulence evolution of Toxoplasma gondii within a multi‐host system |
| title_fullStr | Virulence evolution of Toxoplasma gondii within a multi‐host system |
| title_full_unstemmed | Virulence evolution of Toxoplasma gondii within a multi‐host system |
| title_short | Virulence evolution of Toxoplasma gondii within a multi‐host system |
| title_sort | virulence evolution of toxoplasma gondii within a multi host system |
| topic | adaptive dynamics cat‐mouse interaction evolutionary bifurcation evolutionary ecological feedback multi‐host system virulence evolution |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13530 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mengyuewang virulenceevolutionoftoxoplasmagondiiwithinamultihostsystem AT wenjiang virulenceevolutionoftoxoplasmagondiiwithinamultihostsystem |