Physico-Mechanical Properties of Particleboards Produced from Macadamia Nutshell and Gum Arabic
Due to the rising prices and high demand for panels and the fact that formaldehyde—a known carcinogen—is used to manufacture conventional particleboard, this study investigated the suitability of particleboard formed from ground macadamia nutshells mixed with 50%, 40%, 30%, and 20% of gum Arabic and...
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/23/11138 |
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| author | Derrick Mirindi Richard O. Onchiri Joseph Thuo |
| author_facet | Derrick Mirindi Richard O. Onchiri Joseph Thuo |
| author_sort | Derrick Mirindi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Due to the rising prices and high demand for panels and the fact that formaldehyde—a known carcinogen—is used to manufacture conventional particleboard, this study investigated the suitability of particleboard formed from ground macadamia nutshells mixed with 50%, 40%, 30%, and 20% of gum Arabic and determined its physical and mechanical properties. The specific gravity, the bulk density, the x-ray fluorescence, and the scanning electron microscopy analysis of the two materials were analyzed. After production, the particleboards were cured for 56 days in an acclimatized room; then, the physical and mechanical properties were evaluated. Particleboards mixed with 50% gum Arabic and 50% macadamia nutshell showed good results in terms of the lowest average values of water absorption (9.42%) and thickness swelling (6.22%) after 24 h of immersion in distilled water as well as the highest density (1219.20 kg/m<sup>3</sup>), modulus of rupture (12.21 MPa), modulus of elasticity (1.81 GPa), internal bond strength (1.25 MPa), and compressive strength (22.54 MPa). According to ANSI/A208.1-1999, the particleboards produced met the standard for general-purpose boards except for water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS) characteristics, which were above the maximum of 8% and 3%, respectively. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:58:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8d442b349c1e42c081af5b7b5b3af2ec |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:58:18Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
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| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-8d442b349c1e42c081af5b7b5b3af2ec2023-11-23T02:03:08ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-11-0111231113810.3390/app112311138Physico-Mechanical Properties of Particleboards Produced from Macadamia Nutshell and Gum ArabicDerrick Mirindi0Richard O. Onchiri1Joseph Thuo2Department of Civil Engineering, Pan-Africa University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi 00200, KenyaDepartment of Building and Civil Engineering, Technical University of Mombassa, Mombassa 80100, KenyaFaculty of Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Dedan Kimathi University of Technology, Nyeri 10143, KenyaDue to the rising prices and high demand for panels and the fact that formaldehyde—a known carcinogen—is used to manufacture conventional particleboard, this study investigated the suitability of particleboard formed from ground macadamia nutshells mixed with 50%, 40%, 30%, and 20% of gum Arabic and determined its physical and mechanical properties. The specific gravity, the bulk density, the x-ray fluorescence, and the scanning electron microscopy analysis of the two materials were analyzed. After production, the particleboards were cured for 56 days in an acclimatized room; then, the physical and mechanical properties were evaluated. Particleboards mixed with 50% gum Arabic and 50% macadamia nutshell showed good results in terms of the lowest average values of water absorption (9.42%) and thickness swelling (6.22%) after 24 h of immersion in distilled water as well as the highest density (1219.20 kg/m<sup>3</sup>), modulus of rupture (12.21 MPa), modulus of elasticity (1.81 GPa), internal bond strength (1.25 MPa), and compressive strength (22.54 MPa). According to ANSI/A208.1-1999, the particleboards produced met the standard for general-purpose boards except for water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS) characteristics, which were above the maximum of 8% and 3%, respectively.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/23/11138particleboardmacadamia nutshellgum Arabicwater absorptionthickness swellingmodulus of elasticity |
| spellingShingle | Derrick Mirindi Richard O. Onchiri Joseph Thuo Physico-Mechanical Properties of Particleboards Produced from Macadamia Nutshell and Gum Arabic Applied Sciences particleboard macadamia nutshell gum Arabic water absorption thickness swelling modulus of elasticity |
| title | Physico-Mechanical Properties of Particleboards Produced from Macadamia Nutshell and Gum Arabic |
| title_full | Physico-Mechanical Properties of Particleboards Produced from Macadamia Nutshell and Gum Arabic |
| title_fullStr | Physico-Mechanical Properties of Particleboards Produced from Macadamia Nutshell and Gum Arabic |
| title_full_unstemmed | Physico-Mechanical Properties of Particleboards Produced from Macadamia Nutshell and Gum Arabic |
| title_short | Physico-Mechanical Properties of Particleboards Produced from Macadamia Nutshell and Gum Arabic |
| title_sort | physico mechanical properties of particleboards produced from macadamia nutshell and gum arabic |
| topic | particleboard macadamia nutshell gum Arabic water absorption thickness swelling modulus of elasticity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/23/11138 |
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