Antiplasmodial potential of phytochemicals from Citrus aurantifolia peels: a comprehensive in vitro and in silico study
Abstract Phytochemical investigation of Key lime (Citrus aurantifolia L., F. Rutaceae) peels afforded six metabolites, known as methyl isolimonate acetate (1), limonin (2), luteolin (3), 3ˋ-hydroxygenkwanin (4), myricetin (5), and europetin (6). The structures of the isolated compounds were assigned...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-03-01
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| Series: | BMC Chemistry |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13065-024-01162-x |
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| author | Abeer H. Elmaidomy Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen Ahmed M. Sayed Faisal H. Altemani Naseh A. Algehainy Denisa Soost Thomas Paululat Gerhard Bringmann Esraa M. Mohamed |
| author_facet | Abeer H. Elmaidomy Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen Ahmed M. Sayed Faisal H. Altemani Naseh A. Algehainy Denisa Soost Thomas Paululat Gerhard Bringmann Esraa M. Mohamed |
| author_sort | Abeer H. Elmaidomy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Phytochemical investigation of Key lime (Citrus aurantifolia L., F. Rutaceae) peels afforded six metabolites, known as methyl isolimonate acetate (1), limonin (2), luteolin (3), 3ˋ-hydroxygenkwanin (4), myricetin (5), and europetin (6). The structures of the isolated compounds were assigned by 1D NMR. In the case of limonin (2), further 1- and 2D NMR experiments were done to further confirm the structure of this most active metabolite. The antiplasmodial properties of the obtained compounds against the pathogenic NF54 strain of Plasmodium falciparum were assessed in vitro. According to antiplasmodial screening, only limonin (2), luteolin (3), and myricetin (5) were effective (IC50 values of 0.2, 3.4, and 5.9 µM, respectively). We explored the antiplasmodial potential of phytochemicals from C. aurantifolia peels using a stepwise in silico-based analysis. We first identified the unique proteins of P. falciparum that have no homolog in the human proteome, and then performed inverse docking, ΔG Binding calculation, and molecular dynamics simulation to predict the binding affinity and stability of the isolated compounds with these proteins. We found that limonin (2), luteolin (3), and myricetin (5) could interact with 20S a proteasome, choline kinase, and phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase, respectively, which are important enzymes for the survival and growth of the parasite. According to our findings, phytochemicals from C. aurantifolia peels can be considered as potential leads for the development of new safe and effective antiplasmodial agents. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T16:22:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8d50f31fc53e46a3b515d237227014cf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2661-801X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T16:22:31Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-8d50f31fc53e46a3b515d237227014cf2024-03-31T11:09:48ZengBMCBMC Chemistry2661-801X2024-03-0118111210.1186/s13065-024-01162-xAntiplasmodial potential of phytochemicals from Citrus aurantifolia peels: a comprehensive in vitro and in silico studyAbeer H. Elmaidomy0Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen1Ahmed M. Sayed2Faisal H. Altemani3Naseh A. Algehainy4Denisa Soost5Thomas Paululat6Gerhard Bringmann7Esraa M. Mohamed8Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef UniversityDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia UniversityDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda UniversityDepartment of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of TabukDepartment of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of TabukDepartment of Chemistry and Biology, University of SiegenDepartment of Chemistry and Biology, University of SiegenInstitute of Organic Chemistry, University of WürzburgDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, MUSTAbstract Phytochemical investigation of Key lime (Citrus aurantifolia L., F. Rutaceae) peels afforded six metabolites, known as methyl isolimonate acetate (1), limonin (2), luteolin (3), 3ˋ-hydroxygenkwanin (4), myricetin (5), and europetin (6). The structures of the isolated compounds were assigned by 1D NMR. In the case of limonin (2), further 1- and 2D NMR experiments were done to further confirm the structure of this most active metabolite. The antiplasmodial properties of the obtained compounds against the pathogenic NF54 strain of Plasmodium falciparum were assessed in vitro. According to antiplasmodial screening, only limonin (2), luteolin (3), and myricetin (5) were effective (IC50 values of 0.2, 3.4, and 5.9 µM, respectively). We explored the antiplasmodial potential of phytochemicals from C. aurantifolia peels using a stepwise in silico-based analysis. We first identified the unique proteins of P. falciparum that have no homolog in the human proteome, and then performed inverse docking, ΔG Binding calculation, and molecular dynamics simulation to predict the binding affinity and stability of the isolated compounds with these proteins. We found that limonin (2), luteolin (3), and myricetin (5) could interact with 20S a proteasome, choline kinase, and phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase, respectively, which are important enzymes for the survival and growth of the parasite. According to our findings, phytochemicals from C. aurantifolia peels can be considered as potential leads for the development of new safe and effective antiplasmodial agents.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13065-024-01162-xCitrusKey limeNetwork pharmacologyIn silico analysis |
| spellingShingle | Abeer H. Elmaidomy Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen Ahmed M. Sayed Faisal H. Altemani Naseh A. Algehainy Denisa Soost Thomas Paululat Gerhard Bringmann Esraa M. Mohamed Antiplasmodial potential of phytochemicals from Citrus aurantifolia peels: a comprehensive in vitro and in silico study BMC Chemistry Citrus Key lime Network pharmacology In silico analysis |
| title | Antiplasmodial potential of phytochemicals from Citrus aurantifolia peels: a comprehensive in vitro and in silico study |
| title_full | Antiplasmodial potential of phytochemicals from Citrus aurantifolia peels: a comprehensive in vitro and in silico study |
| title_fullStr | Antiplasmodial potential of phytochemicals from Citrus aurantifolia peels: a comprehensive in vitro and in silico study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antiplasmodial potential of phytochemicals from Citrus aurantifolia peels: a comprehensive in vitro and in silico study |
| title_short | Antiplasmodial potential of phytochemicals from Citrus aurantifolia peels: a comprehensive in vitro and in silico study |
| title_sort | antiplasmodial potential of phytochemicals from citrus aurantifolia peels a comprehensive in vitro and in silico study |
| topic | Citrus Key lime Network pharmacology In silico analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13065-024-01162-x |
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