The Role of Toll-Like Receptor in Inflammation and Tumor Immunity
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) activation enables host to recognize a large number of pathogen-associated molecule patterns (PAMPs), ignite immune cells to discriminate between self and non-self, and then promote the following innate and adaptive immune responses. Accumulated clinical/preclinical eviden...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphar.2018.00878/full |
| _version_ | 1811304246661873664 |
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| author | Xiaohong Cen Shuwen Liu Kui Cheng |
| author_facet | Xiaohong Cen Shuwen Liu Kui Cheng |
| author_sort | Xiaohong Cen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Toll-like receptors (TLRs) activation enables host to recognize a large number of pathogen-associated molecule patterns (PAMPs), ignite immune cells to discriminate between self and non-self, and then promote the following innate and adaptive immune responses. Accumulated clinical/preclinical evidences have proven TLRs to be critical role in the autoimmune diseases, including inflammatory and tumor-associated diseases. Activation of TLRs is becoming or has been a target for cancer treatment. It is shown that TLRs can induce preferable anti-tumor effect by eliciting inflammatory cytokines expression and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) response. As adjuvant, TLRs agonists can launch a strong immune response to assist cancer radiotherapy and bio-chemotherapy. On the other hand, tumor-associated antigens acting as PAMPs, can also activate TLRs and induce tumor gene-related programmed cell death, including apoptosis, autophagy and programmed necrosis. While there are also arguments that the excessive TLRs expression will promote tumor deterioration in various organisms, as the TLR-induced inflammation will accelerate the cancer cells boost in the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the effect of TLRs acting on cancers is still not quite clear today. In this review, we will summarize the recent researches of TLRs in cancer treatment and their role in TME, giving a brief overview on future expectation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:03:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8d58db2300314313bef640fa284de51d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:03:41Z |
| publishDate | 2018-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj.art-8d58db2300314313bef640fa284de51d2022-12-22T02:55:14ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122018-08-01910.3389/fphar.2018.00878377509The Role of Toll-Like Receptor in Inflammation and Tumor ImmunityXiaohong CenShuwen LiuKui ChengToll-like receptors (TLRs) activation enables host to recognize a large number of pathogen-associated molecule patterns (PAMPs), ignite immune cells to discriminate between self and non-self, and then promote the following innate and adaptive immune responses. Accumulated clinical/preclinical evidences have proven TLRs to be critical role in the autoimmune diseases, including inflammatory and tumor-associated diseases. Activation of TLRs is becoming or has been a target for cancer treatment. It is shown that TLRs can induce preferable anti-tumor effect by eliciting inflammatory cytokines expression and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) response. As adjuvant, TLRs agonists can launch a strong immune response to assist cancer radiotherapy and bio-chemotherapy. On the other hand, tumor-associated antigens acting as PAMPs, can also activate TLRs and induce tumor gene-related programmed cell death, including apoptosis, autophagy and programmed necrosis. While there are also arguments that the excessive TLRs expression will promote tumor deterioration in various organisms, as the TLR-induced inflammation will accelerate the cancer cells boost in the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the effect of TLRs acting on cancers is still not quite clear today. In this review, we will summarize the recent researches of TLRs in cancer treatment and their role in TME, giving a brief overview on future expectation.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphar.2018.00878/fullToll-like receptorstumor microenvironmentprogrammed cell deathtumor immunotherapyimmune adjuvant |
| spellingShingle | Xiaohong Cen Shuwen Liu Kui Cheng The Role of Toll-Like Receptor in Inflammation and Tumor Immunity Frontiers in Pharmacology Toll-like receptors tumor microenvironment programmed cell death tumor immunotherapy immune adjuvant |
| title | The Role of Toll-Like Receptor in Inflammation and Tumor Immunity |
| title_full | The Role of Toll-Like Receptor in Inflammation and Tumor Immunity |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Toll-Like Receptor in Inflammation and Tumor Immunity |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Toll-Like Receptor in Inflammation and Tumor Immunity |
| title_short | The Role of Toll-Like Receptor in Inflammation and Tumor Immunity |
| title_sort | role of toll like receptor in inflammation and tumor immunity |
| topic | Toll-like receptors tumor microenvironment programmed cell death tumor immunotherapy immune adjuvant |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphar.2018.00878/full |
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