The mediating roles of coping styles and resilience in the relationship between perceived social support and posttraumatic growth among primary caregivers of schizophrenic patients: a cross-sectional study
Abstract Background Despite the substantial burden of caring schizophrenic patients, primary caregivers can also experience posttraumatic growth (PTG) which may buffer their negative experience. Influencing factors of PTG and their functional pathways among primary caregivers of schizophrenic patien...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Psychiatry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03058-9 |
| _version_ | 1819330915378135040 |
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| author | Chen Wu Yaping Liu Songcui Ma Guojian Jing Wei Zhou Lei Qu Zitong Wang Mei Cheng Yulong Wu |
| author_facet | Chen Wu Yaping Liu Songcui Ma Guojian Jing Wei Zhou Lei Qu Zitong Wang Mei Cheng Yulong Wu |
| author_sort | Chen Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Despite the substantial burden of caring schizophrenic patients, primary caregivers can also experience posttraumatic growth (PTG) which may buffer their negative experience. Influencing factors of PTG and their functional pathways among primary caregivers of schizophrenic patients remain unclear. This study is designed to test the simple and serial mediating roles of coping styles and resilience in the relationship between perceived social support and PTG among those primary caregivers. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2018 to January 2019, and 365 primary caregivers (self-reported) of schizophrenic patients were analyzed. Measures used to assess their perceived social support, coping styles, resilience, and PTG were the Perceived Social Support Scale, the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, respectively. Structural equation modeling was used to run the analysis. Results The average scores of PTG (range: 0–5), perceived social support (range: 1–7), positive coping style (range: 0–3), negative coping style (range: 0–3), resilience (range: 0–4) reported by primary caregivers was (2.91 ± 0.99), (4.80 ± 1.26), (1.79 ± 0.65), (1.49 ± 0.56), and (2.46 ± 0.66), respectively. The fitness indices of measurement and structural models were satisfactory. Three indirect pathways totally explained 55.56% variance of the PTG. The indirect effect of positive coping style between perceived social support and PTG was 0.20 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.05 to 0.37], and this simple mediation pathway explained 27.78% variance of PTG. The indirect effect of resilience between perceived social support and PTG was 0.11 [95% CI 0.01 to 0.20], and this simple mediation pathway explained 15.28% variance of PTG. The indirect effect of positive coping style and then resilience between perceived social support and PTG was 0.09 [95% CI 0.01 to 0.17], and this serial mediation pathway explained 12.50% variance of PTG. Conclusions Both simple and serial mediation roles of positive coping style and resilience are established in the relationship between perceived social support and PTG among primary caregivers of schizophrenic patients. Positive coping style and resilience are two important targets for future interventional studies, and interventions on them may bring the synergistic effect on improving PTG. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-24T14:06:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8d5ccb9b4afb4953a13a4337b51358bb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-244X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-24T14:06:07Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-8d5ccb9b4afb4953a13a4337b51358bb2022-12-21T16:52:21ZengBMCBMC Psychiatry1471-244X2021-01-012111910.1186/s12888-021-03058-9The mediating roles of coping styles and resilience in the relationship between perceived social support and posttraumatic growth among primary caregivers of schizophrenic patients: a cross-sectional studyChen Wu0Yaping Liu1Songcui Ma2Guojian Jing3Wei Zhou4Lei Qu5Zitong Wang6Mei Cheng7Yulong Wu8School of Nursing, Binzhou Medical UniversitySchool of Nursing, Binzhou Medical UniversityYantai Yuhuangding HospitalMental Health Center of Shandong ProvinceSchool of Nursing, Binzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Pathogenic Biology, Binzhou Medical UniversitySchool of Nursing, Binzhou Medical UniversitySchool of Nursing, Binzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Pathogenic Biology, Binzhou Medical UniversityAbstract Background Despite the substantial burden of caring schizophrenic patients, primary caregivers can also experience posttraumatic growth (PTG) which may buffer their negative experience. Influencing factors of PTG and their functional pathways among primary caregivers of schizophrenic patients remain unclear. This study is designed to test the simple and serial mediating roles of coping styles and resilience in the relationship between perceived social support and PTG among those primary caregivers. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2018 to January 2019, and 365 primary caregivers (self-reported) of schizophrenic patients were analyzed. Measures used to assess their perceived social support, coping styles, resilience, and PTG were the Perceived Social Support Scale, the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, respectively. Structural equation modeling was used to run the analysis. Results The average scores of PTG (range: 0–5), perceived social support (range: 1–7), positive coping style (range: 0–3), negative coping style (range: 0–3), resilience (range: 0–4) reported by primary caregivers was (2.91 ± 0.99), (4.80 ± 1.26), (1.79 ± 0.65), (1.49 ± 0.56), and (2.46 ± 0.66), respectively. The fitness indices of measurement and structural models were satisfactory. Three indirect pathways totally explained 55.56% variance of the PTG. The indirect effect of positive coping style between perceived social support and PTG was 0.20 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.05 to 0.37], and this simple mediation pathway explained 27.78% variance of PTG. The indirect effect of resilience between perceived social support and PTG was 0.11 [95% CI 0.01 to 0.20], and this simple mediation pathway explained 15.28% variance of PTG. The indirect effect of positive coping style and then resilience between perceived social support and PTG was 0.09 [95% CI 0.01 to 0.17], and this serial mediation pathway explained 12.50% variance of PTG. Conclusions Both simple and serial mediation roles of positive coping style and resilience are established in the relationship between perceived social support and PTG among primary caregivers of schizophrenic patients. Positive coping style and resilience are two important targets for future interventional studies, and interventions on them may bring the synergistic effect on improving PTG.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03058-9CaregiversCoping skillsPosttraumatic growthResilienceSchizophreniaSocial support |
| spellingShingle | Chen Wu Yaping Liu Songcui Ma Guojian Jing Wei Zhou Lei Qu Zitong Wang Mei Cheng Yulong Wu The mediating roles of coping styles and resilience in the relationship between perceived social support and posttraumatic growth among primary caregivers of schizophrenic patients: a cross-sectional study BMC Psychiatry Caregivers Coping skills Posttraumatic growth Resilience Schizophrenia Social support |
| title | The mediating roles of coping styles and resilience in the relationship between perceived social support and posttraumatic growth among primary caregivers of schizophrenic patients: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full | The mediating roles of coping styles and resilience in the relationship between perceived social support and posttraumatic growth among primary caregivers of schizophrenic patients: a cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | The mediating roles of coping styles and resilience in the relationship between perceived social support and posttraumatic growth among primary caregivers of schizophrenic patients: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | The mediating roles of coping styles and resilience in the relationship between perceived social support and posttraumatic growth among primary caregivers of schizophrenic patients: a cross-sectional study |
| title_short | The mediating roles of coping styles and resilience in the relationship between perceived social support and posttraumatic growth among primary caregivers of schizophrenic patients: a cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | mediating roles of coping styles and resilience in the relationship between perceived social support and posttraumatic growth among primary caregivers of schizophrenic patients a cross sectional study |
| topic | Caregivers Coping skills Posttraumatic growth Resilience Schizophrenia Social support |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03058-9 |
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