Cardiovascular Impact of Calcium and Vitamin D Supplements: A Narrative Review
Calcium and vitamin D play an important role in mineral homeostasis and the maintenance of skeletal health. Calcium and vitamin D supplements have been widely used for fracture prevention in elderly populations. Many trials have studied the effectiveness and cardiovascular safety of calcium and vita...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Korean Endocrine Society
2023-02-01
|
| Series: | Endocrinology and Metabolism |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.e-enm.org/upload/pdf/enm-2022-1644.pdf |
| _version_ | 1827996997528846336 |
|---|---|
| author | Fatima Zarzour Ahmad Didi Mohammed Almohaya David Kendler |
| author_facet | Fatima Zarzour Ahmad Didi Mohammed Almohaya David Kendler |
| author_sort | Fatima Zarzour |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Calcium and vitamin D play an important role in mineral homeostasis and the maintenance of skeletal health. Calcium and vitamin D supplements have been widely used for fracture prevention in elderly populations. Many trials have studied the effectiveness and cardiovascular safety of calcium and vitamin D supplementation, with disparate results. In this review, we summarize the most important trials and systematic reviews. There is significant heterogeneity in clinical trial design, differences in the nature of trial outcomes (self-reported vs. verified), prior calcium intake, and trial size. Inconsistent results have been reported concerning the effects of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on cardiovascular outcomes. Most current guidelines recommend calcium intake of up to 1,200 mg daily, preferably from the diet, without concern for cardiovascular risk. Recommendations regarding vitamin D supplementation vary widely. There is compelling evidence from well-conducted randomized trials that modest vitamin D supplementation is safe but does not confer cardiovascular benefit or cardiovascular harm. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T05:20:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8d635e5048274f7da663aaaa27ed7e05 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2093-596X 2093-5978 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T05:20:26Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | Korean Endocrine Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Endocrinology and Metabolism |
| spelling | doaj.art-8d635e5048274f7da663aaaa27ed7e052023-03-08T07:43:19ZengKorean Endocrine SocietyEndocrinology and Metabolism2093-596X2093-59782023-02-01381566810.3803/EnM.2022.16442371Cardiovascular Impact of Calcium and Vitamin D Supplements: A Narrative ReviewFatima Zarzour0Ahmad Didi1Mohammed Almohaya2David Kendler3 Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CanadaCalcium and vitamin D play an important role in mineral homeostasis and the maintenance of skeletal health. Calcium and vitamin D supplements have been widely used for fracture prevention in elderly populations. Many trials have studied the effectiveness and cardiovascular safety of calcium and vitamin D supplementation, with disparate results. In this review, we summarize the most important trials and systematic reviews. There is significant heterogeneity in clinical trial design, differences in the nature of trial outcomes (self-reported vs. verified), prior calcium intake, and trial size. Inconsistent results have been reported concerning the effects of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on cardiovascular outcomes. Most current guidelines recommend calcium intake of up to 1,200 mg daily, preferably from the diet, without concern for cardiovascular risk. Recommendations regarding vitamin D supplementation vary widely. There is compelling evidence from well-conducted randomized trials that modest vitamin D supplementation is safe but does not confer cardiovascular benefit or cardiovascular harm.http://www.e-enm.org/upload/pdf/enm-2022-1644.pdfcalciumvitamin dosteoporotic fracturesosteoporosismyocardial infarctionstroke |
| spellingShingle | Fatima Zarzour Ahmad Didi Mohammed Almohaya David Kendler Cardiovascular Impact of Calcium and Vitamin D Supplements: A Narrative Review Endocrinology and Metabolism calcium vitamin d osteoporotic fractures osteoporosis myocardial infarction stroke |
| title | Cardiovascular Impact of Calcium and Vitamin D Supplements: A Narrative Review |
| title_full | Cardiovascular Impact of Calcium and Vitamin D Supplements: A Narrative Review |
| title_fullStr | Cardiovascular Impact of Calcium and Vitamin D Supplements: A Narrative Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cardiovascular Impact of Calcium and Vitamin D Supplements: A Narrative Review |
| title_short | Cardiovascular Impact of Calcium and Vitamin D Supplements: A Narrative Review |
| title_sort | cardiovascular impact of calcium and vitamin d supplements a narrative review |
| topic | calcium vitamin d osteoporotic fractures osteoporosis myocardial infarction stroke |
| url | http://www.e-enm.org/upload/pdf/enm-2022-1644.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT fatimazarzour cardiovascularimpactofcalciumandvitamindsupplementsanarrativereview AT ahmaddidi cardiovascularimpactofcalciumandvitamindsupplementsanarrativereview AT mohammedalmohaya cardiovascularimpactofcalciumandvitamindsupplementsanarrativereview AT davidkendler cardiovascularimpactofcalciumandvitamindsupplementsanarrativereview |