Intravenous Enzyme Replacement Therapy in Mucopolysaccharidoses: Clinical Effectiveness and Limitations
The aim of this review is to summarize the evidence on efficacy, effectiveness and safety of intravenous enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) available for mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) I, II, IVA, VI and VII, gained in phase III clinical trials and in observational post-approval studies. Post-marketing...
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/8/2975 |
| _version_ | 1797569864858075136 |
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| author | Rossella Parini Federica Deodato |
| author_facet | Rossella Parini Federica Deodato |
| author_sort | Rossella Parini |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this review is to summarize the evidence on efficacy, effectiveness and safety of intravenous enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) available for mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) I, II, IVA, VI and VII, gained in phase III clinical trials and in observational post-approval studies. Post-marketing data are sometimes conflicting or controversial, possibly depending on disease severity, differently involved organs, age at starting treatment, and development of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs). There is general agreement that ERT is effective in reducing urinary glycosaminoglycans and liver and spleen volume, while heart and joints outcomes are variable in different studies. Effectiveness on cardiac valves, trachea and bronchi, hearing and eyes is definitely poor, probably due to limited penetration in the specific tissues. ERT does not cross the blood–brain barrier, with the consequence that the central nervous system is not cured by intravenously injected ERT. All patients develop ADAs but their role in ERT tolerance and effectiveness has not been well defined yet. Lack of reliable biomarkers contributes to the uncertainties about effectiveness. The data obtained from affected siblings strongly indicates the need of neonatal screening for treatable MPSs. Currently, other treatments are under evaluation and will surely help improve the prognosis of MPS patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:17:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8d77f38889244907932053171bf62f99 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:17:28Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-8d77f38889244907932053171bf62f992023-11-19T22:28:33ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-04-01218297510.3390/ijms21082975Intravenous Enzyme Replacement Therapy in Mucopolysaccharidoses: Clinical Effectiveness and LimitationsRossella Parini0Federica Deodato1UOS Malattie Metaboliche Rare, Clinica Pediatrica dell’Università Milano Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, ATS Monza e Brianza, 20900 Monza, ItalyDivision of Metabolic Disease, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, ItalyThe aim of this review is to summarize the evidence on efficacy, effectiveness and safety of intravenous enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) available for mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) I, II, IVA, VI and VII, gained in phase III clinical trials and in observational post-approval studies. Post-marketing data are sometimes conflicting or controversial, possibly depending on disease severity, differently involved organs, age at starting treatment, and development of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs). There is general agreement that ERT is effective in reducing urinary glycosaminoglycans and liver and spleen volume, while heart and joints outcomes are variable in different studies. Effectiveness on cardiac valves, trachea and bronchi, hearing and eyes is definitely poor, probably due to limited penetration in the specific tissues. ERT does not cross the blood–brain barrier, with the consequence that the central nervous system is not cured by intravenously injected ERT. All patients develop ADAs but their role in ERT tolerance and effectiveness has not been well defined yet. Lack of reliable biomarkers contributes to the uncertainties about effectiveness. The data obtained from affected siblings strongly indicates the need of neonatal screening for treatable MPSs. Currently, other treatments are under evaluation and will surely help improve the prognosis of MPS patients.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/8/2975enzyme replacement therapyERTmucopolysaccharidosismucopolysaccharidosesMPSlaronidase |
| spellingShingle | Rossella Parini Federica Deodato Intravenous Enzyme Replacement Therapy in Mucopolysaccharidoses: Clinical Effectiveness and Limitations International Journal of Molecular Sciences enzyme replacement therapy ERT mucopolysaccharidosis mucopolysaccharidoses MPS laronidase |
| title | Intravenous Enzyme Replacement Therapy in Mucopolysaccharidoses: Clinical Effectiveness and Limitations |
| title_full | Intravenous Enzyme Replacement Therapy in Mucopolysaccharidoses: Clinical Effectiveness and Limitations |
| title_fullStr | Intravenous Enzyme Replacement Therapy in Mucopolysaccharidoses: Clinical Effectiveness and Limitations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Intravenous Enzyme Replacement Therapy in Mucopolysaccharidoses: Clinical Effectiveness and Limitations |
| title_short | Intravenous Enzyme Replacement Therapy in Mucopolysaccharidoses: Clinical Effectiveness and Limitations |
| title_sort | intravenous enzyme replacement therapy in mucopolysaccharidoses clinical effectiveness and limitations |
| topic | enzyme replacement therapy ERT mucopolysaccharidosis mucopolysaccharidoses MPS laronidase |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/8/2975 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rossellaparini intravenousenzymereplacementtherapyinmucopolysaccharidosesclinicaleffectivenessandlimitations AT federicadeodato intravenousenzymereplacementtherapyinmucopolysaccharidosesclinicaleffectivenessandlimitations |