Gender Disparities in Blood Pressure and the Role of Body Mass Index: A Birth Cohort Analysis in China
Abstract Background The slow decline in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and the stagnant or increasing hypertension prevalence in low- and middle-income countries necessitate investigation. Evolving gender disparities suggested that male cardiovascular health disadvantage may be preventable,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s44197-023-00127-y |
| _version_ | 1797699662589722624 |
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| author | Jinjing Wu Boshen Jiao Jiaying Zhao |
| author_facet | Jinjing Wu Boshen Jiao Jiaying Zhao |
| author_sort | Jinjing Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The slow decline in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and the stagnant or increasing hypertension prevalence in low- and middle-income countries necessitate investigation. Evolving gender disparities suggested that male cardiovascular health disadvantage may be preventable, offering potential for enhancing population cardiovascular health. Despite global body mass index (BMI) increases, its role in shaping the gender disparities remains underexplored. Objective This study investigated the birth cohort dynamics of gender disparities in systolic/diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP) in China, one of the world's largest low- and middle-income countries, and explored the potential role of BMI in explaining the changing gender disparities. Methods Data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (1991–2015) were analyzed using multilevel growth-curve models to estimate gender- and cohort-specific SBP/DBP trajectories among individuals born between 1950 and 1975. Results Men had higher SBP and DBP than women at the sample’s mean age of 41.7 years. The gender disparities in SBP and DBP increased with each successive one-year cohort from 1950 to 1975 by 0.14 mm Hg and 0.09 mm Hg, respectively. Adjusting for BMI reduced the increasing gender disparities in SBP and DBP by 31.9% and 34.4%, respectively. Conclusion Chinese men experienced a greater increase in SBP/DBP across successive cohorts compared to women. The increasing gender disparities in SBP/DBP were partially attributable to a greater BMI increase across cohorts among men. Given these findings, prioritizing interventions that aim to reduce BMI, particularly among men, could potentially alleviate the burden of CVD in China through lowering SBP/DBP. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T04:11:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8d7a59a590b343b794d85ffba0894211 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2210-6014 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T04:11:04Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-8d7a59a590b343b794d85ffba08942112023-09-03T11:04:54ZengSpringerJournal of Epidemiology and Global Health2210-60142023-06-0113348549410.1007/s44197-023-00127-yGender Disparities in Blood Pressure and the Role of Body Mass Index: A Birth Cohort Analysis in ChinaJinjing Wu0Boshen Jiao1Jiaying Zhao2Asian Demographic Research Institute, Shanghai UniversityHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard UniversityRSSS Building, 146 Ellery Crescent, School of Demography, ANU College of Arts and Social Sciences, The Australian National UniversityAbstract Background The slow decline in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and the stagnant or increasing hypertension prevalence in low- and middle-income countries necessitate investigation. Evolving gender disparities suggested that male cardiovascular health disadvantage may be preventable, offering potential for enhancing population cardiovascular health. Despite global body mass index (BMI) increases, its role in shaping the gender disparities remains underexplored. Objective This study investigated the birth cohort dynamics of gender disparities in systolic/diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP) in China, one of the world's largest low- and middle-income countries, and explored the potential role of BMI in explaining the changing gender disparities. Methods Data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (1991–2015) were analyzed using multilevel growth-curve models to estimate gender- and cohort-specific SBP/DBP trajectories among individuals born between 1950 and 1975. Results Men had higher SBP and DBP than women at the sample’s mean age of 41.7 years. The gender disparities in SBP and DBP increased with each successive one-year cohort from 1950 to 1975 by 0.14 mm Hg and 0.09 mm Hg, respectively. Adjusting for BMI reduced the increasing gender disparities in SBP and DBP by 31.9% and 34.4%, respectively. Conclusion Chinese men experienced a greater increase in SBP/DBP across successive cohorts compared to women. The increasing gender disparities in SBP/DBP were partially attributable to a greater BMI increase across cohorts among men. Given these findings, prioritizing interventions that aim to reduce BMI, particularly among men, could potentially alleviate the burden of CVD in China through lowering SBP/DBP.https://doi.org/10.1007/s44197-023-00127-yCardiovascular diseaseSystolic/diastolic blood pressureSex/genderBody mass indexChina |
| spellingShingle | Jinjing Wu Boshen Jiao Jiaying Zhao Gender Disparities in Blood Pressure and the Role of Body Mass Index: A Birth Cohort Analysis in China Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health Cardiovascular disease Systolic/diastolic blood pressure Sex/gender Body mass index China |
| title | Gender Disparities in Blood Pressure and the Role of Body Mass Index: A Birth Cohort Analysis in China |
| title_full | Gender Disparities in Blood Pressure and the Role of Body Mass Index: A Birth Cohort Analysis in China |
| title_fullStr | Gender Disparities in Blood Pressure and the Role of Body Mass Index: A Birth Cohort Analysis in China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gender Disparities in Blood Pressure and the Role of Body Mass Index: A Birth Cohort Analysis in China |
| title_short | Gender Disparities in Blood Pressure and the Role of Body Mass Index: A Birth Cohort Analysis in China |
| title_sort | gender disparities in blood pressure and the role of body mass index a birth cohort analysis in china |
| topic | Cardiovascular disease Systolic/diastolic blood pressure Sex/gender Body mass index China |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s44197-023-00127-y |
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