Review of the Distribution and Influence of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Ballast Water
The misuse of antibiotics causes antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in bacteria to be gradually enriched by environmental selection, resulting in increased tolerance and resistance in bacteria to antibiotics. Ballast water is a mobile carrier for the global transfer of bacteria and genes, thus posin...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/21/3501 |
| _version_ | 1797466264534253568 |
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| author | Jiaqi Guo Bo Jiang Sumita Chengzhang Wu Yunshu Zhang Cong Li |
| author_facet | Jiaqi Guo Bo Jiang Sumita Chengzhang Wu Yunshu Zhang Cong Li |
| author_sort | Jiaqi Guo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The misuse of antibiotics causes antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in bacteria to be gradually enriched by environmental selection, resulting in increased tolerance and resistance in bacteria to antibiotics. Ballast water is a mobile carrier for the global transfer of bacteria and genes, thus posing a certain risk of ARGs spreading into the global ocean. Therefore, it is important to investigate the current status of ARGs in ballast water, as well as control the abundance of ARGs. Herein, we attempt to comprehensively summarize the distribution and abundance of ARGs in ballast water from different sea areas and analyze the influencing factors (such as physical factors, chemical factors, temperature, pH, etc.) on the distribution of ARGs. Furthermore, we seek to review the changes in ARGs after differential disinfection technology treatment in ballast water (including chlorination, ultraviolet, ozone, and free radical technology), especially the enhancing effect of subinhibitory concentrations of disinfectants on ARGs transfer. Overall, we believe this review can serve as a guide for future researchers to establish a more reasonable standard of ballast water discharge that considers the pollution of ARGs and provide new insight into the risk of vertical and horizontal ARG transfer in ballast water after disinfection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:33:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8d7fc46c08db4623b14c73d8f67cc528 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:33:22Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-8d7fc46c08db4623b14c73d8f67cc5282023-11-24T07:20:29ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412022-11-011421350110.3390/w14213501Review of the Distribution and Influence of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Ballast WaterJiaqi Guo0Bo Jiang1Sumita2Chengzhang Wu3Yunshu Zhang4Cong Li5School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, ChinaSchool of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, ChinaSchool of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, ChinaSchool of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, ChinaSchool of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, ChinaSchool of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, ChinaThe misuse of antibiotics causes antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in bacteria to be gradually enriched by environmental selection, resulting in increased tolerance and resistance in bacteria to antibiotics. Ballast water is a mobile carrier for the global transfer of bacteria and genes, thus posing a certain risk of ARGs spreading into the global ocean. Therefore, it is important to investigate the current status of ARGs in ballast water, as well as control the abundance of ARGs. Herein, we attempt to comprehensively summarize the distribution and abundance of ARGs in ballast water from different sea areas and analyze the influencing factors (such as physical factors, chemical factors, temperature, pH, etc.) on the distribution of ARGs. Furthermore, we seek to review the changes in ARGs after differential disinfection technology treatment in ballast water (including chlorination, ultraviolet, ozone, and free radical technology), especially the enhancing effect of subinhibitory concentrations of disinfectants on ARGs transfer. Overall, we believe this review can serve as a guide for future researchers to establish a more reasonable standard of ballast water discharge that considers the pollution of ARGs and provide new insight into the risk of vertical and horizontal ARG transfer in ballast water after disinfection.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/21/3501ballast waterantibiotic resistance genesdisinfectiontransfer |
| spellingShingle | Jiaqi Guo Bo Jiang Sumita Chengzhang Wu Yunshu Zhang Cong Li Review of the Distribution and Influence of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Ballast Water Water ballast water antibiotic resistance genes disinfection transfer |
| title | Review of the Distribution and Influence of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Ballast Water |
| title_full | Review of the Distribution and Influence of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Ballast Water |
| title_fullStr | Review of the Distribution and Influence of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Ballast Water |
| title_full_unstemmed | Review of the Distribution and Influence of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Ballast Water |
| title_short | Review of the Distribution and Influence of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Ballast Water |
| title_sort | review of the distribution and influence of antibiotic resistance genes in ballast water |
| topic | ballast water antibiotic resistance genes disinfection transfer |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/21/3501 |
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