4D printed hydrogel scaffold with swelling-stiffening properties and programmable deformation for minimally invasive implantation
Abstract The power of three-dimensional printing in designing personalized scaffolds with precise dimensions and properties is well-known. However, minimally invasive implantation of complex scaffolds is still challenging. Here, we develop amphiphilic dynamic thermoset polyurethanes catering for mul...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2024-02-01
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Series: | Nature Communications |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-45938-0 |