Glial Patchwork: Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells and Astrocytes Blanket the Central Nervous System
Tiling is a developmental process where cell populations become evenly distributed throughout a tissue. In this review, we discuss the developmental cellular tiling behaviors of the two major glial populations in the central nervous system (CNS)—oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and astrocytes...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncel.2021.803057/full |
| _version_ | 1819283743531073536 |
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| author | Heather M. Barber Heather M. Barber Maria F. Ali Maria F. Ali Sarah Kucenas Sarah Kucenas Sarah Kucenas |
| author_facet | Heather M. Barber Heather M. Barber Maria F. Ali Maria F. Ali Sarah Kucenas Sarah Kucenas Sarah Kucenas |
| author_sort | Heather M. Barber |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tiling is a developmental process where cell populations become evenly distributed throughout a tissue. In this review, we discuss the developmental cellular tiling behaviors of the two major glial populations in the central nervous system (CNS)—oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and astrocytes. First, we discuss OPC tiling in the spinal cord, which is comprised of the three cellular behaviors of migration, proliferation, and contact-mediated repulsion (CMR). These cellular behaviors occur simultaneously during OPC development and converge to produce the emergent behavior of tiling which results in OPCs being evenly dispersed and occupying non-overlapping domains throughout the CNS. We next discuss astrocyte tiling in the cortex and hippocampus, where astrocytes migrate, proliferate, then ultimately determine their exclusive domains by gradual removal of overlap rather than sustained CMR. This results in domains that slightly overlap, allowing for both exclusive control of “synaptic islands” and astrocyte-astrocyte communication. We finally discuss the similarities and differences in the tiling behaviors of these glial populations and what remains unknown regarding glial tiling and how perturbations to this process may impact injury and disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-24T01:36:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8da109a6ba274dcdb1b67ccd1aa78a2e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5102 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-24T01:36:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-8da109a6ba274dcdb1b67ccd1aa78a2e2022-12-21T17:22:10ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience1662-51022022-01-011510.3389/fncel.2021.803057803057Glial Patchwork: Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells and Astrocytes Blanket the Central Nervous SystemHeather M. Barber0Heather M. Barber1Maria F. Ali2Maria F. Ali3Sarah Kucenas4Sarah Kucenas5Sarah Kucenas6Program in Fundamental Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United StatesCell & Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United StatesProgram in Fundamental Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United StatesDepartment of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United StatesProgram in Fundamental Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United StatesCell & Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United StatesDepartment of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United StatesTiling is a developmental process where cell populations become evenly distributed throughout a tissue. In this review, we discuss the developmental cellular tiling behaviors of the two major glial populations in the central nervous system (CNS)—oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and astrocytes. First, we discuss OPC tiling in the spinal cord, which is comprised of the three cellular behaviors of migration, proliferation, and contact-mediated repulsion (CMR). These cellular behaviors occur simultaneously during OPC development and converge to produce the emergent behavior of tiling which results in OPCs being evenly dispersed and occupying non-overlapping domains throughout the CNS. We next discuss astrocyte tiling in the cortex and hippocampus, where astrocytes migrate, proliferate, then ultimately determine their exclusive domains by gradual removal of overlap rather than sustained CMR. This results in domains that slightly overlap, allowing for both exclusive control of “synaptic islands” and astrocyte-astrocyte communication. We finally discuss the similarities and differences in the tiling behaviors of these glial populations and what remains unknown regarding glial tiling and how perturbations to this process may impact injury and disease.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncel.2021.803057/fullgliatilingastrocyteoligodendrocyte progenitor celldevelopment |
| spellingShingle | Heather M. Barber Heather M. Barber Maria F. Ali Maria F. Ali Sarah Kucenas Sarah Kucenas Sarah Kucenas Glial Patchwork: Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells and Astrocytes Blanket the Central Nervous System Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience glia tiling astrocyte oligodendrocyte progenitor cell development |
| title | Glial Patchwork: Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells and Astrocytes Blanket the Central Nervous System |
| title_full | Glial Patchwork: Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells and Astrocytes Blanket the Central Nervous System |
| title_fullStr | Glial Patchwork: Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells and Astrocytes Blanket the Central Nervous System |
| title_full_unstemmed | Glial Patchwork: Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells and Astrocytes Blanket the Central Nervous System |
| title_short | Glial Patchwork: Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells and Astrocytes Blanket the Central Nervous System |
| title_sort | glial patchwork oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and astrocytes blanket the central nervous system |
| topic | glia tiling astrocyte oligodendrocyte progenitor cell development |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncel.2021.803057/full |
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