Dynamic Co-evolution and Interaction of Avian Leukosis Virus Genetic Variants and Host Immune Responses
Subgroup J avian leukosis virus (ALV-J), a typical retrovirus, is characterized of existence of a cloud of diverse variants and considerable genetic diversity. Previous studies describing the evolutionary dynamics of ALV-J genetic variants mainly focused on the early infection period or few randomly...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2017-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01168/full |
| _version_ | 1819294728368160768 |
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| author | Xuan Dong Fanfeng Meng Tao Hu Sidi Ju Yang Li Peng Sun Yixin Wang Wenqing Chen Fushou Zhang Hongqin Su Sifei Li He Cui Junxia Chen Shuzhen Xu Lichun Fang Huaibiao Luan Zhenjie Zhang Shuang Chang Jianliang Li Lei Wang Peng Zhao Weifeng Shi Zhizhong Cui |
| author_facet | Xuan Dong Fanfeng Meng Tao Hu Sidi Ju Yang Li Peng Sun Yixin Wang Wenqing Chen Fushou Zhang Hongqin Su Sifei Li He Cui Junxia Chen Shuzhen Xu Lichun Fang Huaibiao Luan Zhenjie Zhang Shuang Chang Jianliang Li Lei Wang Peng Zhao Weifeng Shi Zhizhong Cui |
| author_sort | Xuan Dong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Subgroup J avian leukosis virus (ALV-J), a typical retrovirus, is characterized of existence of a cloud of diverse variants and considerable genetic diversity. Previous studies describing the evolutionary dynamics of ALV-J genetic variants mainly focused on the early infection period or few randomly selected clones. Here, we inoculated 30 specific-pathogen-free chickens with the same founder ALV-J stock of known genetic background. Six (three antibody positive and three antibody negative) chickens were selected among 15 chickens with viremia. Viruses were serially isolated in 36 weeks and then sequenced using MiSeq high-throughput sequencing platform. This produced the largest ALV-J dataset to date, composed of more than three million clean reads. Our results showed that host humoral immunity could greatly enhance the genetic diversity of ALV-J genetic variants. In particular, selection pressures promoted a dynamic proportional changes in ALV-J genetic variants frequency. Cross-neutralization experiment showed that along with the change of the dominant variant, the antibody titers specific to infectious clones corresponding to the most dominant variants in weeks 12 and 28 have also changed significantly in sera collected in weeks 16 and 32. In contrast, no shift of dominant variant was observed in antibody-negative chickens. Moreover, we identified a novel hypervariable region in the gp85 gene. Our study reveals the interaction between ALV-J and the host, which could facilitate the development of vaccines and antiviral drugs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-24T04:30:56Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-24T04:30:56Z |
| publishDate | 2017-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-8da166c90a5947279d0c7b18d475a3c62022-12-21T17:15:25ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2017-06-01810.3389/fmicb.2017.01168271399Dynamic Co-evolution and Interaction of Avian Leukosis Virus Genetic Variants and Host Immune ResponsesXuan Dong0Fanfeng Meng1Tao Hu2Sidi Ju3Yang Li4Peng Sun5Yixin Wang6Wenqing Chen7Fushou Zhang8Hongqin Su9Sifei Li10He Cui11Junxia Chen12Shuzhen Xu13Lichun Fang14Huaibiao Luan15Zhenjie Zhang16Shuang Chang17Jianliang Li18Lei Wang19Peng Zhao20Weifeng Shi21Zhizhong Cui22College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian, ChinaInstitute of Pathogen Biology, Taishan Medical CollegeTaian, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian, ChinaInstitute of Pathogen Biology, Taishan Medical CollegeTaian, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian, ChinaInstitute of Pathogen Biology, Taishan Medical CollegeTaian, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian, ChinaSubgroup J avian leukosis virus (ALV-J), a typical retrovirus, is characterized of existence of a cloud of diverse variants and considerable genetic diversity. Previous studies describing the evolutionary dynamics of ALV-J genetic variants mainly focused on the early infection period or few randomly selected clones. Here, we inoculated 30 specific-pathogen-free chickens with the same founder ALV-J stock of known genetic background. Six (three antibody positive and three antibody negative) chickens were selected among 15 chickens with viremia. Viruses were serially isolated in 36 weeks and then sequenced using MiSeq high-throughput sequencing platform. This produced the largest ALV-J dataset to date, composed of more than three million clean reads. Our results showed that host humoral immunity could greatly enhance the genetic diversity of ALV-J genetic variants. In particular, selection pressures promoted a dynamic proportional changes in ALV-J genetic variants frequency. Cross-neutralization experiment showed that along with the change of the dominant variant, the antibody titers specific to infectious clones corresponding to the most dominant variants in weeks 12 and 28 have also changed significantly in sera collected in weeks 16 and 32. In contrast, no shift of dominant variant was observed in antibody-negative chickens. Moreover, we identified a novel hypervariable region in the gp85 gene. Our study reveals the interaction between ALV-J and the host, which could facilitate the development of vaccines and antiviral drugs.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01168/fullavian leukosis virus subgroup Jgenetic variantsimmune selective pressureco-evolutionhigh-throughput sequencing |
| spellingShingle | Xuan Dong Fanfeng Meng Tao Hu Sidi Ju Yang Li Peng Sun Yixin Wang Wenqing Chen Fushou Zhang Hongqin Su Sifei Li He Cui Junxia Chen Shuzhen Xu Lichun Fang Huaibiao Luan Zhenjie Zhang Shuang Chang Jianliang Li Lei Wang Peng Zhao Weifeng Shi Zhizhong Cui Dynamic Co-evolution and Interaction of Avian Leukosis Virus Genetic Variants and Host Immune Responses Frontiers in Microbiology avian leukosis virus subgroup J genetic variants immune selective pressure co-evolution high-throughput sequencing |
| title | Dynamic Co-evolution and Interaction of Avian Leukosis Virus Genetic Variants and Host Immune Responses |
| title_full | Dynamic Co-evolution and Interaction of Avian Leukosis Virus Genetic Variants and Host Immune Responses |
| title_fullStr | Dynamic Co-evolution and Interaction of Avian Leukosis Virus Genetic Variants and Host Immune Responses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dynamic Co-evolution and Interaction of Avian Leukosis Virus Genetic Variants and Host Immune Responses |
| title_short | Dynamic Co-evolution and Interaction of Avian Leukosis Virus Genetic Variants and Host Immune Responses |
| title_sort | dynamic co evolution and interaction of avian leukosis virus genetic variants and host immune responses |
| topic | avian leukosis virus subgroup J genetic variants immune selective pressure co-evolution high-throughput sequencing |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01168/full |
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