Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Chronic Warming Together Decrease Nitrogen Uptake Rate, Net Translocation, and Assimilation in Tomato
The response of plant N relations to the combination of elevated CO<sub>2</sub> (eCO<sub>2</sub>) and warming are poorly understood. To study this, tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>) plants were grown at 400 or 700 ppm CO<sub>2</sub> and 33/28 or 38/...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/4/722 |
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| author | Dileepa M. Jayawardena Scott A. Heckathorn Krishani K. Rajanayake Jennifer K. Boldt Dragan Isailovic |
| author_facet | Dileepa M. Jayawardena Scott A. Heckathorn Krishani K. Rajanayake Jennifer K. Boldt Dragan Isailovic |
| author_sort | Dileepa M. Jayawardena |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The response of plant N relations to the combination of elevated CO<sub>2</sub> (eCO<sub>2</sub>) and warming are poorly understood. To study this, tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>) plants were grown at 400 or 700 ppm CO<sub>2</sub> and 33/28 or 38/33 °C (day/night), and their soil was labeled with <sup>15</sup>NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> or <sup>15</sup>NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>. Plant dry mass, root N-uptake rate, root-to-shoot net N translocation, whole-plant N assimilation, and root resource availability (%C, %N, total nonstructural carbohydrates) were measured. Relative to eCO<sub>2</sub> or warming alone, eCO<sub>2</sub> + warming decreased growth, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> and NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-uptake rates, root-to-shoot net N translocation, and whole-plant N assimilation. Decreased N assimilation with eCO<sub>2</sub> + warming was driven mostly by inhibition of NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> assimilation, and was not associated with root resource limitations or damage to N-assimilatory proteins. Previously, we showed in tomato that eCO<sub>2</sub> + warming decreases the concentration of N-uptake and -assimilatory proteins in roots, and dramatically increases leaf angle, which decreases whole-plant light capture and, hence, photosynthesis and growth. Thus, decreases in N uptake and assimilation with eCO<sub>2</sub> + warming in tomato are likely due to reduced plant N demand. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:32:04Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:32:04Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-8da3a8910230462eab99677443664cb72023-11-21T14:37:12ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472021-04-0110472210.3390/plants10040722Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Chronic Warming Together Decrease Nitrogen Uptake Rate, Net Translocation, and Assimilation in TomatoDileepa M. Jayawardena0Scott A. Heckathorn1Krishani K. Rajanayake2Jennifer K. Boldt3Dragan Isailovic4Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USADepartment of Environmental Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USADepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USAU.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Toledo, OH 43606, USADepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USAThe response of plant N relations to the combination of elevated CO<sub>2</sub> (eCO<sub>2</sub>) and warming are poorly understood. To study this, tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>) plants were grown at 400 or 700 ppm CO<sub>2</sub> and 33/28 or 38/33 °C (day/night), and their soil was labeled with <sup>15</sup>NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> or <sup>15</sup>NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>. Plant dry mass, root N-uptake rate, root-to-shoot net N translocation, whole-plant N assimilation, and root resource availability (%C, %N, total nonstructural carbohydrates) were measured. Relative to eCO<sub>2</sub> or warming alone, eCO<sub>2</sub> + warming decreased growth, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> and NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-uptake rates, root-to-shoot net N translocation, and whole-plant N assimilation. Decreased N assimilation with eCO<sub>2</sub> + warming was driven mostly by inhibition of NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> assimilation, and was not associated with root resource limitations or damage to N-assimilatory proteins. Previously, we showed in tomato that eCO<sub>2</sub> + warming decreases the concentration of N-uptake and -assimilatory proteins in roots, and dramatically increases leaf angle, which decreases whole-plant light capture and, hence, photosynthesis and growth. Thus, decreases in N uptake and assimilation with eCO<sub>2</sub> + warming in tomato are likely due to reduced plant N demand.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/4/722climate changeelevated CO<sub>2</sub>heat stressnitrogen assimilationnitrogen metabolismnitrogen uptake |
| spellingShingle | Dileepa M. Jayawardena Scott A. Heckathorn Krishani K. Rajanayake Jennifer K. Boldt Dragan Isailovic Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Chronic Warming Together Decrease Nitrogen Uptake Rate, Net Translocation, and Assimilation in Tomato Plants climate change elevated CO<sub>2</sub> heat stress nitrogen assimilation nitrogen metabolism nitrogen uptake |
| title | Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Chronic Warming Together Decrease Nitrogen Uptake Rate, Net Translocation, and Assimilation in Tomato |
| title_full | Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Chronic Warming Together Decrease Nitrogen Uptake Rate, Net Translocation, and Assimilation in Tomato |
| title_fullStr | Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Chronic Warming Together Decrease Nitrogen Uptake Rate, Net Translocation, and Assimilation in Tomato |
| title_full_unstemmed | Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Chronic Warming Together Decrease Nitrogen Uptake Rate, Net Translocation, and Assimilation in Tomato |
| title_short | Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Chronic Warming Together Decrease Nitrogen Uptake Rate, Net Translocation, and Assimilation in Tomato |
| title_sort | elevated carbon dioxide and chronic warming together decrease nitrogen uptake rate net translocation and assimilation in tomato |
| topic | climate change elevated CO<sub>2</sub> heat stress nitrogen assimilation nitrogen metabolism nitrogen uptake |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/4/722 |
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