Are Antisense Proteins in Prokaryotes Functional?
Many prokaryotic RNAs are transcribed from loci outside of annotated protein coding genes. Across bacterial species hundreds of short open reading frames antisense to annotated genes show evidence of both transcription and translation, for instance in ribosome profiling data. Determining the functio...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmolb.2020.00187/full |
| _version_ | 1818978198007840768 |
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| author | Zachary Ardern Klaus Neuhaus Siegfried Scherer |
| author_facet | Zachary Ardern Klaus Neuhaus Siegfried Scherer |
| author_sort | Zachary Ardern |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Many prokaryotic RNAs are transcribed from loci outside of annotated protein coding genes. Across bacterial species hundreds of short open reading frames antisense to annotated genes show evidence of both transcription and translation, for instance in ribosome profiling data. Determining the functional fraction of these protein products awaits further research, including insights from studies of molecular interactions and detailed evolutionary analysis. There are multiple lines of evidence, however, that many of these newly discovered proteins are of use to the organism. Condition-specific phenotypes have been characterized for a few. These proteins should be added to genome annotations, and the methods for predicting them standardized. Evolutionary analysis of these typically young sequences also may provide important insights into gene evolution. This research should be prioritized for its exciting potential to uncover large numbers of novel proteins with extremely diverse potential practical uses, including applications in synthetic biology and responding to pathogens. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T16:39:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8db1fb06beeb4d109975e08fd4bb8e30 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-889X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T16:39:49Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-8db1fb06beeb4d109975e08fd4bb8e302022-12-21T19:33:03ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences2296-889X2020-08-01710.3389/fmolb.2020.00187536712Are Antisense Proteins in Prokaryotes Functional?Zachary ArdernKlaus NeuhausSiegfried SchererMany prokaryotic RNAs are transcribed from loci outside of annotated protein coding genes. Across bacterial species hundreds of short open reading frames antisense to annotated genes show evidence of both transcription and translation, for instance in ribosome profiling data. Determining the functional fraction of these protein products awaits further research, including insights from studies of molecular interactions and detailed evolutionary analysis. There are multiple lines of evidence, however, that many of these newly discovered proteins are of use to the organism. Condition-specific phenotypes have been characterized for a few. These proteins should be added to genome annotations, and the methods for predicting them standardized. Evolutionary analysis of these typically young sequences also may provide important insights into gene evolution. This research should be prioritized for its exciting potential to uncover large numbers of novel proteins with extremely diverse potential practical uses, including applications in synthetic biology and responding to pathogens.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmolb.2020.00187/fulloverlapping geneantisense transcriptionantisense translationfunctionselected effectsgene annotation |
| spellingShingle | Zachary Ardern Klaus Neuhaus Siegfried Scherer Are Antisense Proteins in Prokaryotes Functional? Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences overlapping gene antisense transcription antisense translation function selected effects gene annotation |
| title | Are Antisense Proteins in Prokaryotes Functional? |
| title_full | Are Antisense Proteins in Prokaryotes Functional? |
| title_fullStr | Are Antisense Proteins in Prokaryotes Functional? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Are Antisense Proteins in Prokaryotes Functional? |
| title_short | Are Antisense Proteins in Prokaryotes Functional? |
| title_sort | are antisense proteins in prokaryotes functional |
| topic | overlapping gene antisense transcription antisense translation function selected effects gene annotation |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmolb.2020.00187/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zacharyardern areantisenseproteinsinprokaryotesfunctional AT klausneuhaus areantisenseproteinsinprokaryotesfunctional AT siegfriedscherer areantisenseproteinsinprokaryotesfunctional |