The Application of Box–Behnken Design for Investigating the Supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> Foaming Process: A Case Study of Thermoplastic Polyurethane 85A
Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is a versatile polymer with unique characteristics such as flexibility, rigidity, elasticity, and adjustable properties by controlling its soft and hard segments. To properly design and understand the TPU foaming process through supercritical CO<sub>2</sub&g...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/2/363 |
| _version_ | 1797339551629312000 |
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| author | Salal Hasan Khudaida Shih-Kuo Yen Chie-Shaan Su |
| author_facet | Salal Hasan Khudaida Shih-Kuo Yen Chie-Shaan Su |
| author_sort | Salal Hasan Khudaida |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is a versatile polymer with unique characteristics such as flexibility, rigidity, elasticity, and adjustable properties by controlling its soft and hard segments. To properly design and understand the TPU foaming process through supercritical CO<sub>2</sub>, a design of experiments approach, the Box–Behnken design (BBD) was adopted using commercial TPU 85A as the model compound. The effect of saturation pressure, saturation temperature, and immersion time on the mean pore size and expansion ratio were investigated. The design space for the production of TPU foam was shown, and the significance of process parameters was confirmed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA). In addition, extrapolation foaming experiments were designed and validated the feasibility of the response surface model developed via BBD. It was found that the pore size of TPU 85A foam could be controlled within 13 to 60 μm, and a stable expansion ratio could be designed up to six. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:49:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8db9bb1bec37454b9d6ca2fc8ae85898 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:49:49Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-8db9bb1bec37454b9d6ca2fc8ae858982024-01-29T14:07:53ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492024-01-0129236310.3390/molecules29020363The Application of Box–Behnken Design for Investigating the Supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> Foaming Process: A Case Study of Thermoplastic Polyurethane 85ASalal Hasan Khudaida0Shih-Kuo Yen1Chie-Shaan Su2Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, TaiwanThermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is a versatile polymer with unique characteristics such as flexibility, rigidity, elasticity, and adjustable properties by controlling its soft and hard segments. To properly design and understand the TPU foaming process through supercritical CO<sub>2</sub>, a design of experiments approach, the Box–Behnken design (BBD) was adopted using commercial TPU 85A as the model compound. The effect of saturation pressure, saturation temperature, and immersion time on the mean pore size and expansion ratio were investigated. The design space for the production of TPU foam was shown, and the significance of process parameters was confirmed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA). In addition, extrapolation foaming experiments were designed and validated the feasibility of the response surface model developed via BBD. It was found that the pore size of TPU 85A foam could be controlled within 13 to 60 μm, and a stable expansion ratio could be designed up to six.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/2/363supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> foamingthermoplastic polyurethaneBox–Behnken design |
| spellingShingle | Salal Hasan Khudaida Shih-Kuo Yen Chie-Shaan Su The Application of Box–Behnken Design for Investigating the Supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> Foaming Process: A Case Study of Thermoplastic Polyurethane 85A Molecules supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> foaming thermoplastic polyurethane Box–Behnken design |
| title | The Application of Box–Behnken Design for Investigating the Supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> Foaming Process: A Case Study of Thermoplastic Polyurethane 85A |
| title_full | The Application of Box–Behnken Design for Investigating the Supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> Foaming Process: A Case Study of Thermoplastic Polyurethane 85A |
| title_fullStr | The Application of Box–Behnken Design for Investigating the Supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> Foaming Process: A Case Study of Thermoplastic Polyurethane 85A |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Application of Box–Behnken Design for Investigating the Supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> Foaming Process: A Case Study of Thermoplastic Polyurethane 85A |
| title_short | The Application of Box–Behnken Design for Investigating the Supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> Foaming Process: A Case Study of Thermoplastic Polyurethane 85A |
| title_sort | application of box behnken design for investigating the supercritical co sub 2 sub foaming process a case study of thermoplastic polyurethane 85a |
| topic | supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> foaming thermoplastic polyurethane Box–Behnken design |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/2/363 |
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