Circular Economy Framework for Energy Recovery in Phytoremediation of Domestic Wastewater
Circular economy (CE) strategy is crucial in developing towards sustainable growth. It was created to promote resource utilization and the elimination of waste production. This article aimed to study the possibilities of using the CE framework in wastewater bioremediation and energy recovery using h...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/9/3075 |
| _version_ | 1827672787888635904 |
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| author | Hauwa Mohammed Mustafa Gasim Hayder Siti Indati Mustapa |
| author_facet | Hauwa Mohammed Mustafa Gasim Hayder Siti Indati Mustapa |
| author_sort | Hauwa Mohammed Mustafa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Circular economy (CE) strategy is crucial in developing towards sustainable growth. It was created to promote resource utilization and the elimination of waste production. This article aimed to study the possibilities of using the CE framework in wastewater bioremediation and energy recovery using hydroponic tanks. The integration of phytoremediation with bioenergy, construction and lifespan of hydroponic tanks in phytoremediation of wastewater, selection of aquatic plants and the expected challenges in the implementation of CE in phytoremediation of wastewater were discussed. The plant-based biomass harvested and the relative growth rate (RGR) of the selected plants from the phytoremediation process was evaluated. The findings obtained indicated that the selected plants tripled in weight after 14 days cultivation period at different retention times. <i>E. crassipes</i> recorded the highest growth with 2.5 ± 0.03 g g<sup>−1</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>, followed by <i>S. molesta</i> with 1.33 ± 0.05 g g<sup>−1</sup> d<sup>−1</sup> and then <i>P. stratiotes</i> recorded 0.92 ± 0.27 g g<sup>−1</sup> d<sup>−1</sup> at the end of the cultivation period. Therefore, the selected plants have been identified as having the potential to be used in phytoremediation as well as a source of energy production. The outcome of our review suggested the adoption of a lifecycle assessment as the CE framework for the phytoremediation of wastewater. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:13:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8dc04de684b44cb78779f2e5d6175a9c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:13:12Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-8dc04de684b44cb78779f2e5d6175a9c2023-11-23T08:06:10ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732022-04-01159307510.3390/en15093075Circular Economy Framework for Energy Recovery in Phytoremediation of Domestic WastewaterHauwa Mohammed Mustafa0Gasim Hayder1Siti Indati Mustapa2College of Graduate Studies, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Kajang 43000, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaDepartment of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Kajang 43000, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaInstitute of Energy Policy and Research (IEPRe), Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Kajang 43000, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaCircular economy (CE) strategy is crucial in developing towards sustainable growth. It was created to promote resource utilization and the elimination of waste production. This article aimed to study the possibilities of using the CE framework in wastewater bioremediation and energy recovery using hydroponic tanks. The integration of phytoremediation with bioenergy, construction and lifespan of hydroponic tanks in phytoremediation of wastewater, selection of aquatic plants and the expected challenges in the implementation of CE in phytoremediation of wastewater were discussed. The plant-based biomass harvested and the relative growth rate (RGR) of the selected plants from the phytoremediation process was evaluated. The findings obtained indicated that the selected plants tripled in weight after 14 days cultivation period at different retention times. <i>E. crassipes</i> recorded the highest growth with 2.5 ± 0.03 g g<sup>−1</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>, followed by <i>S. molesta</i> with 1.33 ± 0.05 g g<sup>−1</sup> d<sup>−1</sup> and then <i>P. stratiotes</i> recorded 0.92 ± 0.27 g g<sup>−1</sup> d<sup>−1</sup> at the end of the cultivation period. Therefore, the selected plants have been identified as having the potential to be used in phytoremediation as well as a source of energy production. The outcome of our review suggested the adoption of a lifecycle assessment as the CE framework for the phytoremediation of wastewater.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/9/3075bioenergycircular economy (CE)phytoremediation techniquesrelative growth rate (RGR)plant-based biomasswastewater treatment |
| spellingShingle | Hauwa Mohammed Mustafa Gasim Hayder Siti Indati Mustapa Circular Economy Framework for Energy Recovery in Phytoremediation of Domestic Wastewater Energies bioenergy circular economy (CE) phytoremediation techniques relative growth rate (RGR) plant-based biomass wastewater treatment |
| title | Circular Economy Framework for Energy Recovery in Phytoremediation of Domestic Wastewater |
| title_full | Circular Economy Framework for Energy Recovery in Phytoremediation of Domestic Wastewater |
| title_fullStr | Circular Economy Framework for Energy Recovery in Phytoremediation of Domestic Wastewater |
| title_full_unstemmed | Circular Economy Framework for Energy Recovery in Phytoremediation of Domestic Wastewater |
| title_short | Circular Economy Framework for Energy Recovery in Phytoremediation of Domestic Wastewater |
| title_sort | circular economy framework for energy recovery in phytoremediation of domestic wastewater |
| topic | bioenergy circular economy (CE) phytoremediation techniques relative growth rate (RGR) plant-based biomass wastewater treatment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/9/3075 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hauwamohammedmustafa circulareconomyframeworkforenergyrecoveryinphytoremediationofdomesticwastewater AT gasimhayder circulareconomyframeworkforenergyrecoveryinphytoremediationofdomesticwastewater AT sitiindatimustapa circulareconomyframeworkforenergyrecoveryinphytoremediationofdomesticwastewater |