Inflammatory and intestinal permeability biomarkers in healthy participants on long term vegan, vegetarian, omnivore and low-carbohydrate high-fat diet
Abstract Vegan, vegetarian and low-carbohydrate high fat (LCHF) diets can all offer several health benefits, if food choices are appropriate. In most studies examining their effects on systemic inflammation, participants were either overweight, on a weight loss programme or not matched for BMI, or h...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2023-10-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-44233-0 |
| _version_ | 1797576711147094016 |
|---|---|
| author | Zala Jenko Pražnikar Karin Šik Novak Nives Bogataj Jontez Ana Petelin Nina Mohorko Saša Kenig |
| author_facet | Zala Jenko Pražnikar Karin Šik Novak Nives Bogataj Jontez Ana Petelin Nina Mohorko Saša Kenig |
| author_sort | Zala Jenko Pražnikar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Vegan, vegetarian and low-carbohydrate high fat (LCHF) diets can all offer several health benefits, if food choices are appropriate. In most studies examining their effects on systemic inflammation, participants were either overweight, on a weight loss programme or not matched for BMI, or had a pre-existing condition such as type 2 diabetes mellitus or hypertension. Little is known about the effects of dietary patterns on healthy and normal weight individuals. The aim of the present study was therefore to assess and directly compare inflammatory and intestinal permeability status in healthy participants following aforementioned or omnivore diet for at least 6 months. In this cross-sectional study, we measured the inflammatory biomarkers IL-6, TNF-α and CRP, and the markers of intestinal permeability LBP and zonulin, along with the analysis of lifestyle aspects, dietary intakes and physical activity, in 89 healthy participants. The groups were matched for sex, age and BMI. There were no differences in any of the measured parameters between the four groups and we found no strong correlations with dietary intakes. Using cluster analysis, participants were divided into eight clusters with more or less favourable inflammatory profiles; all clusters contained representatives of all patterns and all patterns were represented in each cluster. Significant differences between clusters were in the intake of mono-unsaturated fatty acids, ω-3/ω-6 ratio, phase angle and working two shifts. In healthy, normal-weight individuals, inflammatory status therefore does not depend on the dietary pattern itself, but is rather more complexly regulated and associated with dietary and non-dietary factors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:56:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8dc0a2a09b394843a49a5248f063513e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:56:40Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-8dc0a2a09b394843a49a5248f063513e2023-11-19T13:06:39ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-10-0113111110.1038/s41598-023-44233-0Inflammatory and intestinal permeability biomarkers in healthy participants on long term vegan, vegetarian, omnivore and low-carbohydrate high-fat dietZala Jenko Pražnikar0Karin Šik Novak1Nives Bogataj Jontez2Ana Petelin3Nina Mohorko4Saša Kenig5University of Primorska, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Primorska, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Primorska, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Primorska, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Primorska, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Primorska, Faculty of Health SciencesAbstract Vegan, vegetarian and low-carbohydrate high fat (LCHF) diets can all offer several health benefits, if food choices are appropriate. In most studies examining their effects on systemic inflammation, participants were either overweight, on a weight loss programme or not matched for BMI, or had a pre-existing condition such as type 2 diabetes mellitus or hypertension. Little is known about the effects of dietary patterns on healthy and normal weight individuals. The aim of the present study was therefore to assess and directly compare inflammatory and intestinal permeability status in healthy participants following aforementioned or omnivore diet for at least 6 months. In this cross-sectional study, we measured the inflammatory biomarkers IL-6, TNF-α and CRP, and the markers of intestinal permeability LBP and zonulin, along with the analysis of lifestyle aspects, dietary intakes and physical activity, in 89 healthy participants. The groups were matched for sex, age and BMI. There were no differences in any of the measured parameters between the four groups and we found no strong correlations with dietary intakes. Using cluster analysis, participants were divided into eight clusters with more or less favourable inflammatory profiles; all clusters contained representatives of all patterns and all patterns were represented in each cluster. Significant differences between clusters were in the intake of mono-unsaturated fatty acids, ω-3/ω-6 ratio, phase angle and working two shifts. In healthy, normal-weight individuals, inflammatory status therefore does not depend on the dietary pattern itself, but is rather more complexly regulated and associated with dietary and non-dietary factors.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-44233-0 |
| spellingShingle | Zala Jenko Pražnikar Karin Šik Novak Nives Bogataj Jontez Ana Petelin Nina Mohorko Saša Kenig Inflammatory and intestinal permeability biomarkers in healthy participants on long term vegan, vegetarian, omnivore and low-carbohydrate high-fat diet Scientific Reports |
| title | Inflammatory and intestinal permeability biomarkers in healthy participants on long term vegan, vegetarian, omnivore and low-carbohydrate high-fat diet |
| title_full | Inflammatory and intestinal permeability biomarkers in healthy participants on long term vegan, vegetarian, omnivore and low-carbohydrate high-fat diet |
| title_fullStr | Inflammatory and intestinal permeability biomarkers in healthy participants on long term vegan, vegetarian, omnivore and low-carbohydrate high-fat diet |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inflammatory and intestinal permeability biomarkers in healthy participants on long term vegan, vegetarian, omnivore and low-carbohydrate high-fat diet |
| title_short | Inflammatory and intestinal permeability biomarkers in healthy participants on long term vegan, vegetarian, omnivore and low-carbohydrate high-fat diet |
| title_sort | inflammatory and intestinal permeability biomarkers in healthy participants on long term vegan vegetarian omnivore and low carbohydrate high fat diet |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-44233-0 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zalajenkopraznikar inflammatoryandintestinalpermeabilitybiomarkersinhealthyparticipantsonlongtermveganvegetarianomnivoreandlowcarbohydratehighfatdiet AT karinsiknovak inflammatoryandintestinalpermeabilitybiomarkersinhealthyparticipantsonlongtermveganvegetarianomnivoreandlowcarbohydratehighfatdiet AT nivesbogatajjontez inflammatoryandintestinalpermeabilitybiomarkersinhealthyparticipantsonlongtermveganvegetarianomnivoreandlowcarbohydratehighfatdiet AT anapetelin inflammatoryandintestinalpermeabilitybiomarkersinhealthyparticipantsonlongtermveganvegetarianomnivoreandlowcarbohydratehighfatdiet AT ninamohorko inflammatoryandintestinalpermeabilitybiomarkersinhealthyparticipantsonlongtermveganvegetarianomnivoreandlowcarbohydratehighfatdiet AT sasakenig inflammatoryandintestinalpermeabilitybiomarkersinhealthyparticipantsonlongtermveganvegetarianomnivoreandlowcarbohydratehighfatdiet |