Looking into Array of Clinical Presentations of Patients with Leprosy and their Clinico-epidemiological Profile: A Retrospective Study
Introduction: The prevalence of leprosy in India has decreased to <1 per 10,000 population by 2016 after the introduction of Multidrug Therapy (MDT) in 1982; still wide variations in Prevalence Rates (PR) continue to exist across the states and regions in the country. Aim: To determine the c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
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| Online Access: | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/15055/49116_CE[Ra1]_F[SK]_PF1(AB_SHU)_PFA(NC_Pr_KM)_PN(KM).pdf |
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| author | SEEMA GOEL DIMPLE CHOPRA GEETIKA GERA |
| author_facet | SEEMA GOEL DIMPLE CHOPRA GEETIKA GERA |
| author_sort | SEEMA GOEL |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: The prevalence of leprosy in India has decreased
to <1 per 10,000 population by 2016 after the introduction
of Multidrug Therapy (MDT) in 1982; still wide variations in
Prevalence Rates (PR) continue to exist across the states and
regions in the country.
Aim: To determine the current clinical profile of leprosy and
study various presenting features of patients with leprosy at a
tertiary care hospital in North India.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study, based on seven
years data, was conducted on patients diagnosed and registered
in the leprosy clinic of a tertiary care hospital in North India,
from January 2013 to December 2019. Data regarding their
demographic details, presenting complaints, clinical features,
associated complications and treatment administered was
analysed and was entered into Microsoft Excel and presented
as tables.
Results: A total of 181 patients of leprosy were registered over
a period of seven years. There were 133 males and 48 females
with M:F ratio of 2.77:1. Of the total patients registered, 3.86%
were children (≤14 years) and 97.8 % patients were immigrants
from the adjoining states. The most common clinical type was
Multibacillary (MB) leprosy in 88.95% patients whereas most
frequent morphological type was Borderline Tuberculoid (BT)
leprosy (72.93%). Thirty-three (18.23%) patients presented with
leprosy reaction (Type 1 reaction in 16.6% and Type 2 reaction
in 1.66%). World Health Organisation (WHO) grade 2 deformities
(G2D) were diagnosed in 3 (1.66%) patients, with claw hand
being the most common deformity (1.10%). Anaesthetic to
hypoaesthetic patches were the most common presenting
feature (64.1%).
Conclusion: Despite statistical elimination, MB disease
and leprosy reactions are commonly seen as presenting
manifestations. It highlights the need for high quality leprosy
services including good referral system for an active case
detection. Varied clinical presentations of leprosy should be
contemplated while examining patients that can assist in an
early and better case detection that will prevent delay in therapy
and associated deformities and also decrease the transmission
of disease in the community. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T16:57:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8ddd90a58eb34758900aa87338298d6f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2249-782X 0973-709X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T16:57:04Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-8ddd90a58eb34758900aa87338298d6f2022-12-21T20:13:23ZengJCDR Research and Publications Private LimitedJournal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research2249-782X0973-709X2021-06-01156WC05WC0810.7860/JCDR/2021/49116.15055Looking into Array of Clinical Presentations of Patients with Leprosy and their Clinico-epidemiological Profile: A Retrospective StudySEEMA GOEL0DIMPLE CHOPRA1GEETIKA GERA2Assistant Professor, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India.Professor and Head, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India.Senior Resident, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India.Introduction: The prevalence of leprosy in India has decreased to <1 per 10,000 population by 2016 after the introduction of Multidrug Therapy (MDT) in 1982; still wide variations in Prevalence Rates (PR) continue to exist across the states and regions in the country. Aim: To determine the current clinical profile of leprosy and study various presenting features of patients with leprosy at a tertiary care hospital in North India. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study, based on seven years data, was conducted on patients diagnosed and registered in the leprosy clinic of a tertiary care hospital in North India, from January 2013 to December 2019. Data regarding their demographic details, presenting complaints, clinical features, associated complications and treatment administered was analysed and was entered into Microsoft Excel and presented as tables. Results: A total of 181 patients of leprosy were registered over a period of seven years. There were 133 males and 48 females with M:F ratio of 2.77:1. Of the total patients registered, 3.86% were children (≤14 years) and 97.8 % patients were immigrants from the adjoining states. The most common clinical type was Multibacillary (MB) leprosy in 88.95% patients whereas most frequent morphological type was Borderline Tuberculoid (BT) leprosy (72.93%). Thirty-three (18.23%) patients presented with leprosy reaction (Type 1 reaction in 16.6% and Type 2 reaction in 1.66%). World Health Organisation (WHO) grade 2 deformities (G2D) were diagnosed in 3 (1.66%) patients, with claw hand being the most common deformity (1.10%). Anaesthetic to hypoaesthetic patches were the most common presenting feature (64.1%). Conclusion: Despite statistical elimination, MB disease and leprosy reactions are commonly seen as presenting manifestations. It highlights the need for high quality leprosy services including good referral system for an active case detection. Varied clinical presentations of leprosy should be contemplated while examining patients that can assist in an early and better case detection that will prevent delay in therapy and associated deformities and also decrease the transmission of disease in the community.https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/15055/49116_CE[Ra1]_F[SK]_PF1(AB_SHU)_PFA(NC_Pr_KM)_PN(KM).pdfgrade 2 deformityleprosy reactionsmultibacillary diseasepresenting features |
| spellingShingle | SEEMA GOEL DIMPLE CHOPRA GEETIKA GERA Looking into Array of Clinical Presentations of Patients with Leprosy and their Clinico-epidemiological Profile: A Retrospective Study Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research grade 2 deformity leprosy reactions multibacillary disease presenting features |
| title | Looking into Array of Clinical Presentations of Patients with Leprosy and their Clinico-epidemiological Profile: A Retrospective Study |
| title_full | Looking into Array of Clinical Presentations of Patients with Leprosy and their Clinico-epidemiological Profile: A Retrospective Study |
| title_fullStr | Looking into Array of Clinical Presentations of Patients with Leprosy and their Clinico-epidemiological Profile: A Retrospective Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Looking into Array of Clinical Presentations of Patients with Leprosy and their Clinico-epidemiological Profile: A Retrospective Study |
| title_short | Looking into Array of Clinical Presentations of Patients with Leprosy and their Clinico-epidemiological Profile: A Retrospective Study |
| title_sort | looking into array of clinical presentations of patients with leprosy and their clinico epidemiological profile a retrospective study |
| topic | grade 2 deformity leprosy reactions multibacillary disease presenting features |
| url | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/15055/49116_CE[Ra1]_F[SK]_PF1(AB_SHU)_PFA(NC_Pr_KM)_PN(KM).pdf |
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