The Gut–Liver Axis in Chronic Liver Disease: A Macrophage Perspective
Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a growing health concern which accounts for two million deaths per year. Obesity, alcohol overconsumption, and progressive cholestasis are commonly characterized by persistent low-grade inflammation and advancing fibrosis, which form the basis for development of end-st...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-10-01
|
| Series: | Cells |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/11/2959 |
| _version_ | 1797510874973339648 |
|---|---|
| author | Kevin De Muynck Bart Vanderborght Hans Van Vlierberghe Lindsey Devisscher |
| author_facet | Kevin De Muynck Bart Vanderborght Hans Van Vlierberghe Lindsey Devisscher |
| author_sort | Kevin De Muynck |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a growing health concern which accounts for two million deaths per year. Obesity, alcohol overconsumption, and progressive cholestasis are commonly characterized by persistent low-grade inflammation and advancing fibrosis, which form the basis for development of end-stage liver disease complications, including hepatocellular carcinoma. CLD pathophysiology extends to the intestinal tract and is characterized by intestinal dysbiosis, bile acid dysregulation, and gut barrier disruption. In addition, macrophages are key players in CLD progression and intestinal barrier breakdown. Emerging studies are unveiling macrophage heterogeneity and driving factors of their plasticity in health and disease. To date, in-depth investigation of how gut–liver axis disruption impacts the hepatic and intestinal macrophage pool in CLD pathogenesis is scarce. In this review, we give an overview of the role of intestinal and hepatic macrophages in homeostasis and gut–liver axis disruption in progressive stages of CLD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:37:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8e09ed8106ac4a8cb45068374e33e6fa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:37:31Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-8e09ed8106ac4a8cb45068374e33e6fa2023-11-22T22:49:16ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092021-10-011011295910.3390/cells10112959The Gut–Liver Axis in Chronic Liver Disease: A Macrophage PerspectiveKevin De Muynck0Bart Vanderborght1Hans Van Vlierberghe2Lindsey Devisscher3Gut-Liver Immunopharmacology Unit, Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Liver Research Center Ghent, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumGut-Liver Immunopharmacology Unit, Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Liver Research Center Ghent, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumHepatology Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Liver Research Center Ghent, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumGut-Liver Immunopharmacology Unit, Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Liver Research Center Ghent, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumChronic liver disease (CLD) is a growing health concern which accounts for two million deaths per year. Obesity, alcohol overconsumption, and progressive cholestasis are commonly characterized by persistent low-grade inflammation and advancing fibrosis, which form the basis for development of end-stage liver disease complications, including hepatocellular carcinoma. CLD pathophysiology extends to the intestinal tract and is characterized by intestinal dysbiosis, bile acid dysregulation, and gut barrier disruption. In addition, macrophages are key players in CLD progression and intestinal barrier breakdown. Emerging studies are unveiling macrophage heterogeneity and driving factors of their plasticity in health and disease. To date, in-depth investigation of how gut–liver axis disruption impacts the hepatic and intestinal macrophage pool in CLD pathogenesis is scarce. In this review, we give an overview of the role of intestinal and hepatic macrophages in homeostasis and gut–liver axis disruption in progressive stages of CLD.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/11/2959macrophagechronic liver diseasegut-liver axis |
| spellingShingle | Kevin De Muynck Bart Vanderborght Hans Van Vlierberghe Lindsey Devisscher The Gut–Liver Axis in Chronic Liver Disease: A Macrophage Perspective Cells macrophage chronic liver disease gut-liver axis |
| title | The Gut–Liver Axis in Chronic Liver Disease: A Macrophage Perspective |
| title_full | The Gut–Liver Axis in Chronic Liver Disease: A Macrophage Perspective |
| title_fullStr | The Gut–Liver Axis in Chronic Liver Disease: A Macrophage Perspective |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Gut–Liver Axis in Chronic Liver Disease: A Macrophage Perspective |
| title_short | The Gut–Liver Axis in Chronic Liver Disease: A Macrophage Perspective |
| title_sort | gut liver axis in chronic liver disease a macrophage perspective |
| topic | macrophage chronic liver disease gut-liver axis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/11/2959 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kevindemuynck thegutliveraxisinchronicliverdiseaseamacrophageperspective AT bartvanderborght thegutliveraxisinchronicliverdiseaseamacrophageperspective AT hansvanvlierberghe thegutliveraxisinchronicliverdiseaseamacrophageperspective AT lindseydevisscher thegutliveraxisinchronicliverdiseaseamacrophageperspective AT kevindemuynck gutliveraxisinchronicliverdiseaseamacrophageperspective AT bartvanderborght gutliveraxisinchronicliverdiseaseamacrophageperspective AT hansvanvlierberghe gutliveraxisinchronicliverdiseaseamacrophageperspective AT lindseydevisscher gutliveraxisinchronicliverdiseaseamacrophageperspective |