Persistent Enterovirus Infection: Little Deletions, Long Infections
Enteroviruses have now been shown to persist in cell cultures and in vivo by a novel mechanism involving the deletion of varying amounts of the 5′ terminal genomic region termed domain I (also known as the cloverleaf). Molecular clones of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) genomes with 5′ terminal deletions (...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/5/770 |
| _version_ | 1797494803210960896 |
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| author | Nora M. Chapman |
| author_facet | Nora M. Chapman |
| author_sort | Nora M. Chapman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Enteroviruses have now been shown to persist in cell cultures and in vivo by a novel mechanism involving the deletion of varying amounts of the 5′ terminal genomic region termed domain I (also known as the cloverleaf). Molecular clones of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) genomes with 5′ terminal deletions (TD) of varying length allow the study of these mutant populations, which are able to replicate in the complete absence of wildtype virus genomes. The study of TD enteroviruses has revealed numerous significant differences from canonical enteroviral biology. The deletions appear and become the dominant population when an enterovirus replicates in quiescent cell populations, but can also occur if one of the cis-acting replication elements of the genome (CRE-2C) is artificially mutated in the element’s stem and loop structures. This review discusses how the TD genomes arise, how they interact with the host, and their effects on host biology. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:39:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8e1e61bc53be471194a5f22c456d6589 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:39:33Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-8e1e61bc53be471194a5f22c456d65892023-11-23T13:26:58ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2022-05-0110577010.3390/vaccines10050770Persistent Enterovirus Infection: Little Deletions, Long InfectionsNora M. Chapman0Department of Pathology & Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USAEnteroviruses have now been shown to persist in cell cultures and in vivo by a novel mechanism involving the deletion of varying amounts of the 5′ terminal genomic region termed domain I (also known as the cloverleaf). Molecular clones of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) genomes with 5′ terminal deletions (TD) of varying length allow the study of these mutant populations, which are able to replicate in the complete absence of wildtype virus genomes. The study of TD enteroviruses has revealed numerous significant differences from canonical enteroviral biology. The deletions appear and become the dominant population when an enterovirus replicates in quiescent cell populations, but can also occur if one of the cis-acting replication elements of the genome (CRE-2C) is artificially mutated in the element’s stem and loop structures. This review discusses how the TD genomes arise, how they interact with the host, and their effects on host biology.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/5/770enterovirusterminal deletioncoxsackievirus Bpersistent infectionpositive-strand initiationnegative-strand initiation |
| spellingShingle | Nora M. Chapman Persistent Enterovirus Infection: Little Deletions, Long Infections Vaccines enterovirus terminal deletion coxsackievirus B persistent infection positive-strand initiation negative-strand initiation |
| title | Persistent Enterovirus Infection: Little Deletions, Long Infections |
| title_full | Persistent Enterovirus Infection: Little Deletions, Long Infections |
| title_fullStr | Persistent Enterovirus Infection: Little Deletions, Long Infections |
| title_full_unstemmed | Persistent Enterovirus Infection: Little Deletions, Long Infections |
| title_short | Persistent Enterovirus Infection: Little Deletions, Long Infections |
| title_sort | persistent enterovirus infection little deletions long infections |
| topic | enterovirus terminal deletion coxsackievirus B persistent infection positive-strand initiation negative-strand initiation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/5/770 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT noramchapman persistententerovirusinfectionlittledeletionslonginfections |