Molecular Modeling and Structural Stability of Wild-Type and Mutant CYP51 from Leishmania major: In Vitro and In Silico Analysis of a Laboratory Strain
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease and a major public health in the most countries. Leishmania major is the most common cause of cutaneous leishmaniasis. In the Leishmania parasites, sterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51), which is involved in the biosynthesis of sterols, has been ident...
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MDPI AG
2018-03-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/3/696 |
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| author | Masoud Keighobadi Saeed Emami Milad Lagzian Mahdi Fakhar Alireza Rafiei Reza Valadan |
| author_facet | Masoud Keighobadi Saeed Emami Milad Lagzian Mahdi Fakhar Alireza Rafiei Reza Valadan |
| author_sort | Masoud Keighobadi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease and a major public health in the most countries. Leishmania major is the most common cause of cutaneous leishmaniasis. In the Leishmania parasites, sterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51), which is involved in the biosynthesis of sterols, has been identified as an attractive target for development of new therapeutic agents. In this study, the sequence and structure of CYP51 in a laboratory strain (MRHO/IR/75/ER) of L. major were determined and compared to the wild-type strain. The results showed 19 mutations including seven non-synonymous and 12 synonymous ones in the CYP51 sequence of strain MRHO/IR/75/ER. Importantly, an arginine to lysine substitution at position of 474 resulted in destabilization of CYP51 (ΔΔG = 1.17 kcal/mol) in the laboratory strain; however, when the overall effects of all substitutions were evaluated by 100 ns molecular dynamics simulation, the final structure did not show any significant changes (p-value < 0.05) in stability parameter of the strain MRHO/IR/75/ER compared to the wild-type protein. The energy level for the CYP51 of wild-type and MRHO/IR/75/ER strain were −40,027.1 and −39,706.48 Kcal/mol respectively. The overall Root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) deviation between two proteins was less than 1 Å throughout the simulation and Root-mean-square fluctuation (RMSF) plot also showed no substantial differences between amino acids fluctuation of the both protein. The results also showed that, these mutations were located on the protein periphery that neither interferes with protein folding nor with substrate/inhibitor binding. Therefore, L. major strain MRHO/IR/75/ER is suggested as a suitable laboratory model for studying biological role of CYP51 and inhibitory effects of sterol 14α-demethylase inhibitors. |
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| publishDate | 2018-03-01 |
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| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-8e22e5e8eb0a4aacb80a564826503ea02022-12-21T18:12:33ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492018-03-0123369610.3390/molecules23030696molecules23030696Molecular Modeling and Structural Stability of Wild-Type and Mutant CYP51 from Leishmania major: In Vitro and In Silico Analysis of a Laboratory StrainMasoud Keighobadi0Saeed Emami1Milad Lagzian2Mahdi Fakhar3Alireza Rafiei4Reza Valadan5Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48157-33971, IranDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 48157-33971, IranDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan 98168-76578, IranDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48157-33971, IranMolecular and Cell Biology Research Center (MCBRC), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48157-33971, IranMolecular and Cell Biology Research Center (MCBRC), Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48157-33971, IranCutaneous leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease and a major public health in the most countries. Leishmania major is the most common cause of cutaneous leishmaniasis. In the Leishmania parasites, sterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51), which is involved in the biosynthesis of sterols, has been identified as an attractive target for development of new therapeutic agents. In this study, the sequence and structure of CYP51 in a laboratory strain (MRHO/IR/75/ER) of L. major were determined and compared to the wild-type strain. The results showed 19 mutations including seven non-synonymous and 12 synonymous ones in the CYP51 sequence of strain MRHO/IR/75/ER. Importantly, an arginine to lysine substitution at position of 474 resulted in destabilization of CYP51 (ΔΔG = 1.17 kcal/mol) in the laboratory strain; however, when the overall effects of all substitutions were evaluated by 100 ns molecular dynamics simulation, the final structure did not show any significant changes (p-value < 0.05) in stability parameter of the strain MRHO/IR/75/ER compared to the wild-type protein. The energy level for the CYP51 of wild-type and MRHO/IR/75/ER strain were −40,027.1 and −39,706.48 Kcal/mol respectively. The overall Root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) deviation between two proteins was less than 1 Å throughout the simulation and Root-mean-square fluctuation (RMSF) plot also showed no substantial differences between amino acids fluctuation of the both protein. The results also showed that, these mutations were located on the protein periphery that neither interferes with protein folding nor with substrate/inhibitor binding. Therefore, L. major strain MRHO/IR/75/ER is suggested as a suitable laboratory model for studying biological role of CYP51 and inhibitory effects of sterol 14α-demethylase inhibitors.http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/3/696Leishmania majorlanosterol 14α-demethylasemutationhomology modelingmolecular dynamicsprotein stability |
| spellingShingle | Masoud Keighobadi Saeed Emami Milad Lagzian Mahdi Fakhar Alireza Rafiei Reza Valadan Molecular Modeling and Structural Stability of Wild-Type and Mutant CYP51 from Leishmania major: In Vitro and In Silico Analysis of a Laboratory Strain Molecules Leishmania major lanosterol 14α-demethylase mutation homology modeling molecular dynamics protein stability |
| title | Molecular Modeling and Structural Stability of Wild-Type and Mutant CYP51 from Leishmania major: In Vitro and In Silico Analysis of a Laboratory Strain |
| title_full | Molecular Modeling and Structural Stability of Wild-Type and Mutant CYP51 from Leishmania major: In Vitro and In Silico Analysis of a Laboratory Strain |
| title_fullStr | Molecular Modeling and Structural Stability of Wild-Type and Mutant CYP51 from Leishmania major: In Vitro and In Silico Analysis of a Laboratory Strain |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Modeling and Structural Stability of Wild-Type and Mutant CYP51 from Leishmania major: In Vitro and In Silico Analysis of a Laboratory Strain |
| title_short | Molecular Modeling and Structural Stability of Wild-Type and Mutant CYP51 from Leishmania major: In Vitro and In Silico Analysis of a Laboratory Strain |
| title_sort | molecular modeling and structural stability of wild type and mutant cyp51 from leishmania major in vitro and in silico analysis of a laboratory strain |
| topic | Leishmania major lanosterol 14α-demethylase mutation homology modeling molecular dynamics protein stability |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/3/696 |
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