SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant: Immune escape and vaccine development
Abstract New genetic variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) constantly emerge through unmitigated spread of the virus in the ongoing Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Omicron (B.1.1.529), the latest variant of concern (VOC), has so far shown exceptional spread and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2022-03-01
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| Series: | MedComm |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.126 |
| _version_ | 1818271134204821504 |
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| author | Danyi Ao Tianxia Lan Xuemei He Jian Liu Li Chen Daniel T. Baptista‐Hon Kang Zhang Xiawei Wei |
| author_facet | Danyi Ao Tianxia Lan Xuemei He Jian Liu Li Chen Daniel T. Baptista‐Hon Kang Zhang Xiawei Wei |
| author_sort | Danyi Ao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract New genetic variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) constantly emerge through unmitigated spread of the virus in the ongoing Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Omicron (B.1.1.529), the latest variant of concern (VOC), has so far shown exceptional spread and infectivity and has established itself as the dominant variant in recent months. The SARS‐CoV‐2 spike glycoprotein is a key component for the recognition and binding to host cell angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 receptors. The Omicron variant harbors a cluster of substitutions/deletions/insertions, and more than 30 mutations are located in spike. Some noticeable mutations, including K417N, T478K, N501Y, and P681H, are shared with the previous VOCs Alpha, Beta, Gamma, or Delta variants and have been proven to be associated with higher transmissibility, viral infectivity, and immune evasion potential. Studies have revealed that the Omicron variant is partially resistant to the neutralizing activity of therapeutic antibodies and convalescent sera, which poses significant challenges for the clinical effectiveness of the current vaccines and therapeutic antibodies. We provide a comprehensive analysis and summary of the epidemiology and immune escape mechanisms of the Omicron variant. We also suggest some therapeutic strategies against the Omicron variant. This review, therefore, aims to provide information for further research efforts to prevent and contain the impact of new VOCs during the ongoing pandemic. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T21:21:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8e257daec24c4998bc8d3ebb4a60e8f2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2688-2663 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T21:21:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | MedComm |
| spelling | doaj.art-8e257daec24c4998bc8d3ebb4a60e8f22022-12-22T00:11:34ZengWileyMedComm2688-26632022-03-0131n/an/a10.1002/mco2.126SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant: Immune escape and vaccine developmentDanyi Ao0Tianxia Lan1Xuemei He2Jian Liu3Li Chen4Daniel T. Baptista‐Hon5Kang Zhang6Xiawei Wei7Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan ChinaLaboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan ChinaLaboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan ChinaLaboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan ChinaLaboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan ChinaCenter for Biomedicine and Innovations Faculty of Medicine Macau University of Science and Technology Macau ChinaCenter for Biomedicine and Innovations Faculty of Medicine Macau University of Science and Technology Macau ChinaLaboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan ChinaAbstract New genetic variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) constantly emerge through unmitigated spread of the virus in the ongoing Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Omicron (B.1.1.529), the latest variant of concern (VOC), has so far shown exceptional spread and infectivity and has established itself as the dominant variant in recent months. The SARS‐CoV‐2 spike glycoprotein is a key component for the recognition and binding to host cell angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 receptors. The Omicron variant harbors a cluster of substitutions/deletions/insertions, and more than 30 mutations are located in spike. Some noticeable mutations, including K417N, T478K, N501Y, and P681H, are shared with the previous VOCs Alpha, Beta, Gamma, or Delta variants and have been proven to be associated with higher transmissibility, viral infectivity, and immune evasion potential. Studies have revealed that the Omicron variant is partially resistant to the neutralizing activity of therapeutic antibodies and convalescent sera, which poses significant challenges for the clinical effectiveness of the current vaccines and therapeutic antibodies. We provide a comprehensive analysis and summary of the epidemiology and immune escape mechanisms of the Omicron variant. We also suggest some therapeutic strategies against the Omicron variant. This review, therefore, aims to provide information for further research efforts to prevent and contain the impact of new VOCs during the ongoing pandemic.https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.126immune escapeOmicron variantspikevaccine development |
| spellingShingle | Danyi Ao Tianxia Lan Xuemei He Jian Liu Li Chen Daniel T. Baptista‐Hon Kang Zhang Xiawei Wei SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant: Immune escape and vaccine development MedComm immune escape Omicron variant spike vaccine development |
| title | SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant: Immune escape and vaccine development |
| title_full | SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant: Immune escape and vaccine development |
| title_fullStr | SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant: Immune escape and vaccine development |
| title_full_unstemmed | SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant: Immune escape and vaccine development |
| title_short | SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant: Immune escape and vaccine development |
| title_sort | sars cov 2 omicron variant immune escape and vaccine development |
| topic | immune escape Omicron variant spike vaccine development |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.126 |
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