Synthesis, X-ray Structure, and Hirshfeld Analysis of [Ag(3-amino-5,6-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazine)(NO<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>n</sub>: A Potent Anticancer and Antimicrobial Agent
The [Ag(3ADMT)(NO<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>n</sub> complex was synthesized by the self-assembly of 3-amino-5,6-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazine (3ADMT) and AgNO<sub>3</sub>. Its molecular structure was analyzed utilizing FTIR spectra, elemental analysis, and single crystal X-ray...
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Inorganics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6740/11/9/350 |
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| author | Mostafa A. El-Naggar Morsy A. M. Abu-Youssef Matti Haukka Assem Barakat Mona M. Sharaf Saied M. Soliman |
| author_facet | Mostafa A. El-Naggar Morsy A. M. Abu-Youssef Matti Haukka Assem Barakat Mona M. Sharaf Saied M. Soliman |
| author_sort | Mostafa A. El-Naggar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The [Ag(3ADMT)(NO<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>n</sub> complex was synthesized by the self-assembly of 3-amino-5,6-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazine (3ADMT) and AgNO<sub>3</sub>. Its molecular structure was analyzed utilizing FTIR spectra, elemental analysis, and single crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD). There is one crystallographically independent Ag atom, which is tetra-coordinated by two nitrogen atoms from two 3ADMT and two oxygen atoms from two nitrate anions where all ligand groups are acting as connectors between the Ag1 sites. The geometry around the Ag(I) center is a distorted tetrahedron with a AgN<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> coordination sphere augmented by strong argentophilic interactions between Ag atoms, which assist the aggregation of the complex units in a wavy-like and coplanar pattern to form a one-dimensional polymeric chain. The O...H (37.2%) and N...H (18.8%) intermolecular interactions contributed significantly to the molecular packing based on Hirshfeld surface analysis. The [Ag(3ADMT)(NO<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>n</sub> complex demonstrates promising cytotoxicity against lung (IC<sub>50</sub> = 2.96 ± 0.31 μg/mL) and breast (IC<sub>50</sub> = 1.97 ± 0.18 μg/mL) carcinoma. This remarkable cytotoxicity exceeds those of 3ADMT, AgNO<sub>3</sub>, and the anticancer medication <i>cis</i>-platin towards the tested cancer cell lines. In addition, the complex has a wide-spectrum antimicrobial action where the high antibacterial potency of the [Ag(3ADMT)(NO<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>n</sub> complex against <i>P. vulgaris</i> (MIC = 6.1 µg/mL) and <i>B. subtilis</i> (MIC = 17.2 µg/mL) could be comparable to the commonly used drug Gentamycin (MIC = 4.8 µg/mL). These results confirm that the components of the [Ag(3ADMT)(NO<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>n</sub> complex work together synergistically, forming a powerful multifunctional agent that could be exploited as an effective antimicrobial and anticancer agent. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:38:20Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:38:20Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-8e2c395b9e2f43c4a6e47d0b482bd7a42023-11-19T11:14:35ZengMDPI AGInorganics2304-67402023-08-0111935010.3390/inorganics11090350Synthesis, X-ray Structure, and Hirshfeld Analysis of [Ag(3-amino-5,6-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazine)(NO<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>n</sub>: A Potent Anticancer and Antimicrobial AgentMostafa A. El-Naggar0Morsy A. M. Abu-Youssef1Matti Haukka2Assem Barakat3Mona M. Sharaf4Saied M. Soliman5Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria 21321, EgyptDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria 21321, EgyptDepartment of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, FinlandDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaProtein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria P.O. Box 21933, EgyptDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria 21321, EgyptThe [Ag(3ADMT)(NO<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>n</sub> complex was synthesized by the self-assembly of 3-amino-5,6-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazine (3ADMT) and AgNO<sub>3</sub>. Its molecular structure was analyzed utilizing FTIR spectra, elemental analysis, and single crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD). There is one crystallographically independent Ag atom, which is tetra-coordinated by two nitrogen atoms from two 3ADMT and two oxygen atoms from two nitrate anions where all ligand groups are acting as connectors between the Ag1 sites. The geometry around the Ag(I) center is a distorted tetrahedron with a AgN<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> coordination sphere augmented by strong argentophilic interactions between Ag atoms, which assist the aggregation of the complex units in a wavy-like and coplanar pattern to form a one-dimensional polymeric chain. The O...H (37.2%) and N...H (18.8%) intermolecular interactions contributed significantly to the molecular packing based on Hirshfeld surface analysis. The [Ag(3ADMT)(NO<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>n</sub> complex demonstrates promising cytotoxicity against lung (IC<sub>50</sub> = 2.96 ± 0.31 μg/mL) and breast (IC<sub>50</sub> = 1.97 ± 0.18 μg/mL) carcinoma. This remarkable cytotoxicity exceeds those of 3ADMT, AgNO<sub>3</sub>, and the anticancer medication <i>cis</i>-platin towards the tested cancer cell lines. In addition, the complex has a wide-spectrum antimicrobial action where the high antibacterial potency of the [Ag(3ADMT)(NO<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>n</sub> complex against <i>P. vulgaris</i> (MIC = 6.1 µg/mL) and <i>B. subtilis</i> (MIC = 17.2 µg/mL) could be comparable to the commonly used drug Gentamycin (MIC = 4.8 µg/mL). These results confirm that the components of the [Ag(3ADMT)(NO<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>n</sub> complex work together synergistically, forming a powerful multifunctional agent that could be exploited as an effective antimicrobial and anticancer agent.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6740/11/9/350Ag(I)1,2,4-triazinecoordination polymeranticancerantimicrobialargentophilic interaction |
| spellingShingle | Mostafa A. El-Naggar Morsy A. M. Abu-Youssef Matti Haukka Assem Barakat Mona M. Sharaf Saied M. Soliman Synthesis, X-ray Structure, and Hirshfeld Analysis of [Ag(3-amino-5,6-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazine)(NO<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>n</sub>: A Potent Anticancer and Antimicrobial Agent Inorganics Ag(I) 1,2,4-triazine coordination polymer anticancer antimicrobial argentophilic interaction |
| title | Synthesis, X-ray Structure, and Hirshfeld Analysis of [Ag(3-amino-5,6-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazine)(NO<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>n</sub>: A Potent Anticancer and Antimicrobial Agent |
| title_full | Synthesis, X-ray Structure, and Hirshfeld Analysis of [Ag(3-amino-5,6-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazine)(NO<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>n</sub>: A Potent Anticancer and Antimicrobial Agent |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis, X-ray Structure, and Hirshfeld Analysis of [Ag(3-amino-5,6-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazine)(NO<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>n</sub>: A Potent Anticancer and Antimicrobial Agent |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis, X-ray Structure, and Hirshfeld Analysis of [Ag(3-amino-5,6-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazine)(NO<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>n</sub>: A Potent Anticancer and Antimicrobial Agent |
| title_short | Synthesis, X-ray Structure, and Hirshfeld Analysis of [Ag(3-amino-5,6-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazine)(NO<sub>3</sub>)]<sub>n</sub>: A Potent Anticancer and Antimicrobial Agent |
| title_sort | synthesis x ray structure and hirshfeld analysis of ag 3 amino 5 6 dimethyl 1 2 4 triazine no sub 3 sub sub n sub a potent anticancer and antimicrobial agent |
| topic | Ag(I) 1,2,4-triazine coordination polymer anticancer antimicrobial argentophilic interaction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6740/11/9/350 |
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