Occurrence, Prevalence, and Distribution of Haemoparasites of Poultry in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review
This review collated existing data on the occurrence, distribution, and prevalence of haemoparasites of poultry in sub-Saharan Africa. A literature search was conducted on three electronic search databases using search terms and Boolean operators (AND, OR). The results recorded 16 haemoparasites, vi...
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/7/945 |
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| author | Danisile Tembe Mokgadi P. Malatji Samson Mukaratirwa |
| author_facet | Danisile Tembe Mokgadi P. Malatji Samson Mukaratirwa |
| author_sort | Danisile Tembe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This review collated existing data on the occurrence, distribution, and prevalence of haemoparasites of poultry in sub-Saharan Africa. A literature search was conducted on three electronic search databases using search terms and Boolean operators (AND, OR). The results recorded 16 haemoparasites, viz., <i>Leucocytozoon</i> spp., <i>L. marchouxi, L. neavei, L. sabrazesi, L. schoutedeni, Haemoproteus columbae, H. pratasi, Haemoproteus</i> spp., <i>Plasmodium</i> spp., <i>P. gallinaceum, P. circumflexum, P. juxtanucleare, Trypanosoma avium, T. gallinarum, T. numidae,</i> and <i>Hepatozoon</i> spp. from a wide range of poultry species distributed across Nigeria, Kenya, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Ghana, Cameroon, and Zambia. Infections due to <i>Haemoproteus</i> and <i>Leucocytozoon</i> species were the most common and documented in eight of the ten reviewed countries. The presence of mixed infections was observed in quails, pigeons, chickens, ducks, turkeys, and guineafowls, but predominantly in chickens. Co-infections by <i>Plasmodium</i> spp. and <i>Haemoproteus</i> spp. were the most common, which may be attributed to the distribution of these species, coupled with the availability of vectors they are associated with in areas from which they were documented. The information generated in this review is essential for improving existing preventive and control measures of these parasites in sub-Saharan Africa. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:45:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8e3613888f064138872c946f2545eedc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:45:00Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-8e3613888f064138872c946f2545eedc2023-11-18T20:51:16ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172023-07-0112794510.3390/pathogens12070945Occurrence, Prevalence, and Distribution of Haemoparasites of Poultry in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping ReviewDanisile Tembe0Mokgadi P. Malatji1Samson Mukaratirwa2School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South AfricaSchool of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South AfricaSchool of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South AfricaThis review collated existing data on the occurrence, distribution, and prevalence of haemoparasites of poultry in sub-Saharan Africa. A literature search was conducted on three electronic search databases using search terms and Boolean operators (AND, OR). The results recorded 16 haemoparasites, viz., <i>Leucocytozoon</i> spp., <i>L. marchouxi, L. neavei, L. sabrazesi, L. schoutedeni, Haemoproteus columbae, H. pratasi, Haemoproteus</i> spp., <i>Plasmodium</i> spp., <i>P. gallinaceum, P. circumflexum, P. juxtanucleare, Trypanosoma avium, T. gallinarum, T. numidae,</i> and <i>Hepatozoon</i> spp. from a wide range of poultry species distributed across Nigeria, Kenya, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Ghana, Cameroon, and Zambia. Infections due to <i>Haemoproteus</i> and <i>Leucocytozoon</i> species were the most common and documented in eight of the ten reviewed countries. The presence of mixed infections was observed in quails, pigeons, chickens, ducks, turkeys, and guineafowls, but predominantly in chickens. Co-infections by <i>Plasmodium</i> spp. and <i>Haemoproteus</i> spp. were the most common, which may be attributed to the distribution of these species, coupled with the availability of vectors they are associated with in areas from which they were documented. The information generated in this review is essential for improving existing preventive and control measures of these parasites in sub-Saharan Africa.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/7/945haemoparasitespoultrydistributioninfectionco-infectionprevalence |
| spellingShingle | Danisile Tembe Mokgadi P. Malatji Samson Mukaratirwa Occurrence, Prevalence, and Distribution of Haemoparasites of Poultry in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review Pathogens haemoparasites poultry distribution infection co-infection prevalence |
| title | Occurrence, Prevalence, and Distribution of Haemoparasites of Poultry in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review |
| title_full | Occurrence, Prevalence, and Distribution of Haemoparasites of Poultry in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review |
| title_fullStr | Occurrence, Prevalence, and Distribution of Haemoparasites of Poultry in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Occurrence, Prevalence, and Distribution of Haemoparasites of Poultry in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review |
| title_short | Occurrence, Prevalence, and Distribution of Haemoparasites of Poultry in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review |
| title_sort | occurrence prevalence and distribution of haemoparasites of poultry in sub saharan africa a scoping review |
| topic | haemoparasites poultry distribution infection co-infection prevalence |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/7/945 |
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