Milling Activation for the Solvent-Free Synthesis of Zeolites. A Practical Guide
The paramount challenge of current chemical technology, including catalysis, is meeting the ecological sustainability requirements. The feasible production of zeolites is crucial because they constitute the principal group of heterogeneous catalysts. However, current zeolite manufacturing via hydrot...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Catalysts |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/11/2/246 |
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| author | Agnieszka Kornas Joanna E. Olszówka Petr Klein Veronika Pashkova |
| author_facet | Agnieszka Kornas Joanna E. Olszówka Petr Klein Veronika Pashkova |
| author_sort | Agnieszka Kornas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The paramount challenge of current chemical technology, including catalysis, is meeting the ecological sustainability requirements. The feasible production of zeolites is crucial because they constitute the principal group of heterogeneous catalysts. However, current zeolite manufacturing via hydrothermal synthesis is connected with considerable consumption of water resources, generation of wastewater, and significant equipment costs. Solvent-free strategies have attracted great attention as high-yielding methods for sustainable synthesis, particularly beneficial in terms of water consumption minimization and an outstanding increase in production due to the efficient use of synthesis space capacity. So far, the solvent-free preparation of numerous zeolite materials has been performed with the preceding grinding of reagents in a mortar. The proposed article describes recent advances in the application of automatized milling instead of manual work. Pretreatment automatization makes the entire process well-controlled, less sensitive to human factors, and is significantly more relevant to industrial scale-up. Moreover, the automatized milling activation unlocks opportunities for solvent-free synthesis from a broader range of common reagents, where the manual treatment is not efficient. Possibilities and limitations of the milling methods are discussed on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of parameter optimization, activation mechanisms, and applicability of common reagents used for zeolite production. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:56:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8e39a02704ab4b34b9f6148a6478a706 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4344 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:56:42Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Catalysts |
| spelling | doaj.art-8e39a02704ab4b34b9f6148a6478a7062023-12-11T16:51:20ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442021-02-0111224610.3390/catal11020246Milling Activation for the Solvent-Free Synthesis of Zeolites. A Practical GuideAgnieszka Kornas0Joanna E. Olszówka1Petr Klein2Veronika Pashkova3J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech RepublicJ. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech RepublicJ. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech RepublicJ. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech RepublicThe paramount challenge of current chemical technology, including catalysis, is meeting the ecological sustainability requirements. The feasible production of zeolites is crucial because they constitute the principal group of heterogeneous catalysts. However, current zeolite manufacturing via hydrothermal synthesis is connected with considerable consumption of water resources, generation of wastewater, and significant equipment costs. Solvent-free strategies have attracted great attention as high-yielding methods for sustainable synthesis, particularly beneficial in terms of water consumption minimization and an outstanding increase in production due to the efficient use of synthesis space capacity. So far, the solvent-free preparation of numerous zeolite materials has been performed with the preceding grinding of reagents in a mortar. The proposed article describes recent advances in the application of automatized milling instead of manual work. Pretreatment automatization makes the entire process well-controlled, less sensitive to human factors, and is significantly more relevant to industrial scale-up. Moreover, the automatized milling activation unlocks opportunities for solvent-free synthesis from a broader range of common reagents, where the manual treatment is not efficient. Possibilities and limitations of the milling methods are discussed on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of parameter optimization, activation mechanisms, and applicability of common reagents used for zeolite production.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/11/2/246zeolitesmechanochemistryautomatized millingsolvent-free synthesissustainabilityreproducibility |
| spellingShingle | Agnieszka Kornas Joanna E. Olszówka Petr Klein Veronika Pashkova Milling Activation for the Solvent-Free Synthesis of Zeolites. A Practical Guide Catalysts zeolites mechanochemistry automatized milling solvent-free synthesis sustainability reproducibility |
| title | Milling Activation for the Solvent-Free Synthesis of Zeolites. A Practical Guide |
| title_full | Milling Activation for the Solvent-Free Synthesis of Zeolites. A Practical Guide |
| title_fullStr | Milling Activation for the Solvent-Free Synthesis of Zeolites. A Practical Guide |
| title_full_unstemmed | Milling Activation for the Solvent-Free Synthesis of Zeolites. A Practical Guide |
| title_short | Milling Activation for the Solvent-Free Synthesis of Zeolites. A Practical Guide |
| title_sort | milling activation for the solvent free synthesis of zeolites a practical guide |
| topic | zeolites mechanochemistry automatized milling solvent-free synthesis sustainability reproducibility |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/11/2/246 |
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