Glass-Ceramic Foams from Alkali-Activated Vitrified Bottom Ash and Waste Glasses
Both vitrified bottom ashes (VBAs) and waste glasses are forms of inorganic waste material that are widely landfilled, despite having some economic potential. Building on previous studies, we prepared glass-ceramic foams by the combination of VBA with either soda-lime glass (SLG) or borosilicate gla...
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/16/5714 |
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| author | Miroslava Hujova Patricia Rabelo Monich Jaroslav Sedlacek Miroslav Hnatko Jozef Kraxner Dusan Galusek Enrico Bernardo |
| author_facet | Miroslava Hujova Patricia Rabelo Monich Jaroslav Sedlacek Miroslav Hnatko Jozef Kraxner Dusan Galusek Enrico Bernardo |
| author_sort | Miroslava Hujova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Both vitrified bottom ashes (VBAs) and waste glasses are forms of inorganic waste material that are widely landfilled, despite having some economic potential. Building on previous studies, we prepared glass-ceramic foams by the combination of VBA with either soda-lime glass (SLG) or borosilicate glass (BSG). Suspensions of fine powders in weakly alkaline solution underwent gelation, followed by frothing at nearly room temperature. Hardened “green” foams were sintered, with concurrent crystallization, at 850–1000 °C. All foams were highly porous (>70%), with mostly open porosity. The glass addition was fundamental in both gelation (promoting the formation of carbonate and silicate hydrated phases) and firing steps. While SLG addition enhanced the viscous flow sintering, without a significant impact on the crystallization of gehlenite, the main crystalline phase from the devitrification of VBA, BSG addition caused a reactive sintering, with remarkable changes in the phase assemblage. The glass addition generally also allowed lower sintering temperatures and yielded products with excellent crushing strength. However, only specific conditions resulted in the complete immobilization of pollutants (e.g., Cr<sup>3+</sup> ions). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:16:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8e40c5c123d44039b496782f6743c0f1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:16:23Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-8e40c5c123d44039b496782f6743c0f12023-11-20T10:29:36ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172020-08-011016571410.3390/app10165714Glass-Ceramic Foams from Alkali-Activated Vitrified Bottom Ash and Waste GlassesMiroslava Hujova0Patricia Rabelo Monich1Jaroslav Sedlacek2Miroslav Hnatko3Jozef Kraxner4Dusan Galusek5Enrico Bernardo6FunGlass, Alexander Dubcek University of Trencin, 91101 Trencin, SlovakiaDipartmento di Ingegneria Industriale Università degli Studi di Padova, 35112 Padova, ItalyInstitute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 81438 Bratislava, SlovakiaInstitute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 81438 Bratislava, SlovakiaFunGlass, Alexander Dubcek University of Trencin, 91101 Trencin, SlovakiaFunGlass, Alexander Dubcek University of Trencin, 91101 Trencin, SlovakiaDipartmento di Ingegneria Industriale Università degli Studi di Padova, 35112 Padova, ItalyBoth vitrified bottom ashes (VBAs) and waste glasses are forms of inorganic waste material that are widely landfilled, despite having some economic potential. Building on previous studies, we prepared glass-ceramic foams by the combination of VBA with either soda-lime glass (SLG) or borosilicate glass (BSG). Suspensions of fine powders in weakly alkaline solution underwent gelation, followed by frothing at nearly room temperature. Hardened “green” foams were sintered, with concurrent crystallization, at 850–1000 °C. All foams were highly porous (>70%), with mostly open porosity. The glass addition was fundamental in both gelation (promoting the formation of carbonate and silicate hydrated phases) and firing steps. While SLG addition enhanced the viscous flow sintering, without a significant impact on the crystallization of gehlenite, the main crystalline phase from the devitrification of VBA, BSG addition caused a reactive sintering, with remarkable changes in the phase assemblage. The glass addition generally also allowed lower sintering temperatures and yielded products with excellent crushing strength. However, only specific conditions resulted in the complete immobilization of pollutants (e.g., Cr<sup>3+</sup> ions).https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/16/5714alkali activationsinteringglass foamschemical durability |
| spellingShingle | Miroslava Hujova Patricia Rabelo Monich Jaroslav Sedlacek Miroslav Hnatko Jozef Kraxner Dusan Galusek Enrico Bernardo Glass-Ceramic Foams from Alkali-Activated Vitrified Bottom Ash and Waste Glasses Applied Sciences alkali activation sintering glass foams chemical durability |
| title | Glass-Ceramic Foams from Alkali-Activated Vitrified Bottom Ash and Waste Glasses |
| title_full | Glass-Ceramic Foams from Alkali-Activated Vitrified Bottom Ash and Waste Glasses |
| title_fullStr | Glass-Ceramic Foams from Alkali-Activated Vitrified Bottom Ash and Waste Glasses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Glass-Ceramic Foams from Alkali-Activated Vitrified Bottom Ash and Waste Glasses |
| title_short | Glass-Ceramic Foams from Alkali-Activated Vitrified Bottom Ash and Waste Glasses |
| title_sort | glass ceramic foams from alkali activated vitrified bottom ash and waste glasses |
| topic | alkali activation sintering glass foams chemical durability |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/16/5714 |
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