Post-activation performance enhancement does not occur following a large hand-paddles and parachute-resisted warm-up routine in collegiate swimmers
Our aim was to investigate if using a warm-up routine that included parachute-resisted sprints with large hand-paddles improves 50 m freestyle performance in trained collegiate swimmers. Twelve swimmers (23.9 ± 2.2 years, 179 ± 7 cm, 77.1 ± 10.6 kg) participated in the study and completed two 50-m f...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Sports and Active Living |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspor.2023.1244168/full |
| _version_ | 1797465178416087040 |
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| author | Santiago Soares Bufalo Gabriel Fontanetti Renan Vieira Barreto Gabriel Rocha Benazzi Rubens Correa Junior Victor Marangoni Natália de Menezes Bassan Benedito Sérgio Denadai Camila Coelho Greco João Paulo Vilas-Boas Leonardo Coelho Rabello de Lima |
| author_facet | Santiago Soares Bufalo Gabriel Fontanetti Renan Vieira Barreto Gabriel Rocha Benazzi Rubens Correa Junior Victor Marangoni Natália de Menezes Bassan Benedito Sérgio Denadai Camila Coelho Greco João Paulo Vilas-Boas Leonardo Coelho Rabello de Lima |
| author_sort | Santiago Soares Bufalo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Our aim was to investigate if using a warm-up routine that included parachute-resisted sprints with large hand-paddles improves 50 m freestyle performance in trained collegiate swimmers. Twelve swimmers (23.9 ± 2.2 years, 179 ± 7 cm, 77.1 ± 10.6 kg) participated in the study and completed two 50-m freestyle races, each preceded by a different warm-up routine, either control (CON) or experimental (EXP). The warm-up routines consisted of 500 m of swimming at self-selected speed, followed by four 10 s sprints with 1 min rest intervals. During EXP, sprints were performed using large hand-paddles and a swimming parachute, while during CON, sprints were performed freely. Performance and technique were assessed during the 50 m freestyle races. We found no significant differences in 25- and 50 m performance times (CON: 12.6 ± 0.8 vs. EXP: 12.5 ± 0.8 s, ES = 0.125; and CON: 26.8 ± 1.6 vs. EXP: 26.7 ± 1.7 s, ES = 0.06, respectively) between the two conditions. Mean stroke length (CON: 2.04 ± 0.21 vs. EXP: 2.02 ± 0.22 m·cycle−1, ES = 0.09), stroke frequency (CON: 55.4 ± 5.3 vs. EXP: 56.3 ± 5.2 cycles s−1, ES = 0.17), and propulsive time (CON: 0.62 ± 0.07 vs. EXP: 0.61 ± 0.06 s, ES = 0.15) were also not different between conditions. It is possible that the CON warm-up routine induced the priming effects that lead to PAPE, or that the EXP warm-up routine primed the athletes further but also induced greater fatigue, resulting in no significant effects on swimming performance. Our findings suggest that parachute-resisted sprints with hand-paddles during warm-up do not enhance 50 m freestyle swimming performance in trained collegiate swimmers. Coaches and practitioners should consider exploring different warm-up protocols to identify what works best for their athletes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:18:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8e4f7389a3e64e668b414e6605e571f1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2624-9367 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:18:47Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Sports and Active Living |
| spelling | doaj.art-8e4f7389a3e64e668b414e6605e571f12023-11-24T08:31:27ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Sports and Active Living2624-93672023-11-01510.3389/fspor.2023.12441681244168Post-activation performance enhancement does not occur following a large hand-paddles and parachute-resisted warm-up routine in collegiate swimmersSantiago Soares Bufalo0Gabriel Fontanetti1Renan Vieira Barreto2Gabriel Rocha Benazzi3Rubens Correa Junior4Victor Marangoni5Natália de Menezes Bassan6Benedito Sérgio Denadai7Camila Coelho Greco8João Paulo Vilas-Boas9Leonardo Coelho Rabello de Lima10Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, BrazilHuman Performance Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, BrazilHuman Performance Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, BrazilHuman Performance Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, BrazilHuman Performance Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, BrazilHuman Performance Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, BrazilHuman Performance Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, BrazilHuman Performance Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, BrazilHuman Performance Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, BrazilCenter of Research, Education, Innovation, and Intervention in Sport and LABIOMEP-UP, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, PortugalSchool of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, BrazilOur aim was to investigate if using a warm-up routine that included parachute-resisted sprints with large hand-paddles improves 50 m freestyle performance in trained collegiate swimmers. Twelve swimmers (23.9 ± 2.2 years, 179 ± 7 cm, 77.1 ± 10.6 kg) participated in the study and completed two 50-m freestyle races, each preceded by a different warm-up routine, either control (CON) or experimental (EXP). The warm-up routines consisted of 500 m of swimming at self-selected speed, followed by four 10 s sprints with 1 min rest intervals. During EXP, sprints were performed using large hand-paddles and a swimming parachute, while during CON, sprints were performed freely. Performance and technique were assessed during the 50 m freestyle races. We found no significant differences in 25- and 50 m performance times (CON: 12.6 ± 0.8 vs. EXP: 12.5 ± 0.8 s, ES = 0.125; and CON: 26.8 ± 1.6 vs. EXP: 26.7 ± 1.7 s, ES = 0.06, respectively) between the two conditions. Mean stroke length (CON: 2.04 ± 0.21 vs. EXP: 2.02 ± 0.22 m·cycle−1, ES = 0.09), stroke frequency (CON: 55.4 ± 5.3 vs. EXP: 56.3 ± 5.2 cycles s−1, ES = 0.17), and propulsive time (CON: 0.62 ± 0.07 vs. EXP: 0.61 ± 0.06 s, ES = 0.15) were also not different between conditions. It is possible that the CON warm-up routine induced the priming effects that lead to PAPE, or that the EXP warm-up routine primed the athletes further but also induced greater fatigue, resulting in no significant effects on swimming performance. Our findings suggest that parachute-resisted sprints with hand-paddles during warm-up do not enhance 50 m freestyle swimming performance in trained collegiate swimmers. Coaches and practitioners should consider exploring different warm-up protocols to identify what works best for their athletes.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspor.2023.1244168/fullswimmingpost-activation performance enhancementwarm-upprimingfreestylekinematics |
| spellingShingle | Santiago Soares Bufalo Gabriel Fontanetti Renan Vieira Barreto Gabriel Rocha Benazzi Rubens Correa Junior Victor Marangoni Natália de Menezes Bassan Benedito Sérgio Denadai Camila Coelho Greco João Paulo Vilas-Boas Leonardo Coelho Rabello de Lima Post-activation performance enhancement does not occur following a large hand-paddles and parachute-resisted warm-up routine in collegiate swimmers Frontiers in Sports and Active Living swimming post-activation performance enhancement warm-up priming freestyle kinematics |
| title | Post-activation performance enhancement does not occur following a large hand-paddles and parachute-resisted warm-up routine in collegiate swimmers |
| title_full | Post-activation performance enhancement does not occur following a large hand-paddles and parachute-resisted warm-up routine in collegiate swimmers |
| title_fullStr | Post-activation performance enhancement does not occur following a large hand-paddles and parachute-resisted warm-up routine in collegiate swimmers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Post-activation performance enhancement does not occur following a large hand-paddles and parachute-resisted warm-up routine in collegiate swimmers |
| title_short | Post-activation performance enhancement does not occur following a large hand-paddles and parachute-resisted warm-up routine in collegiate swimmers |
| title_sort | post activation performance enhancement does not occur following a large hand paddles and parachute resisted warm up routine in collegiate swimmers |
| topic | swimming post-activation performance enhancement warm-up priming freestyle kinematics |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspor.2023.1244168/full |
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