Childhood Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome: Clinicoradiological Characteristics, Managements, and Outcome
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a novel clinicoradiological syndrome characterized by convulsions, headache, altered mentality, and impaired vision, which are usually accompanied by hypertension. As its nomination, PRES is usually diagnosed according to the presence of typical...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fped.2020.00585/full |
| _version_ | 1818135635824738304 |
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| author | Tai-Heng Chen Tai-Heng Chen Tai-Heng Chen Tai-Heng Chen |
| author_facet | Tai-Heng Chen Tai-Heng Chen Tai-Heng Chen Tai-Heng Chen |
| author_sort | Tai-Heng Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a novel clinicoradiological syndrome characterized by convulsions, headache, altered mentality, and impaired vision, which are usually accompanied by hypertension. As its nomination, PRES is usually diagnosed according to the presence of typical neuroimage showing vasogenic edema predominately involving the posterior brain area. With the widespread utilization of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), PRES is becoming more perceptible in different medical fields. Compared to adult cases, childhood PRES seems to have a broader clinical and neuroradiological spectrum. PRES can be associated with various underlying comorbidities, medication use, and therapeutic modalities in children with diverse neurological manifestations. Moreover, pediatric patients with PRES have a more significant propensity for atypical MRI findings beyond the typically posterior cerebral areas. The knowledge of typical and atypical presentations in children is essential to avoid misdiagnosing or missing PRES, which is a potentially treatable entity. Early supportive care is the mainstay of treatment, with particular attention to the treatment of hypertension with rigorous attention to all body systems. Prompt identification and symptom-directed management are imperative to achieve a reversible prognosis in childhood PRES. Future studies specially designed for the child population are required to determine potential outcome predictors, and further, to develop novel strategies of neuroprotection in childhood PRES. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T09:27:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8e51e1bd3d7e4404a30084060650caf1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-2360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T09:27:39Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-8e51e1bd3d7e4404a30084060650caf12022-12-22T01:13:07ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pediatrics2296-23602020-09-01810.3389/fped.2020.00585574116Childhood Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome: Clinicoradiological Characteristics, Managements, and OutcomeTai-Heng Chen0Tai-Heng Chen1Tai-Heng Chen2Tai-Heng Chen3Division of Pediatric Emergency, Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, TaiwanSchool of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, TaiwanSection of Neurobiology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesPh.D. Program in Translational Medicine, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, TaiwanPosterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a novel clinicoradiological syndrome characterized by convulsions, headache, altered mentality, and impaired vision, which are usually accompanied by hypertension. As its nomination, PRES is usually diagnosed according to the presence of typical neuroimage showing vasogenic edema predominately involving the posterior brain area. With the widespread utilization of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), PRES is becoming more perceptible in different medical fields. Compared to adult cases, childhood PRES seems to have a broader clinical and neuroradiological spectrum. PRES can be associated with various underlying comorbidities, medication use, and therapeutic modalities in children with diverse neurological manifestations. Moreover, pediatric patients with PRES have a more significant propensity for atypical MRI findings beyond the typically posterior cerebral areas. The knowledge of typical and atypical presentations in children is essential to avoid misdiagnosing or missing PRES, which is a potentially treatable entity. Early supportive care is the mainstay of treatment, with particular attention to the treatment of hypertension with rigorous attention to all body systems. Prompt identification and symptom-directed management are imperative to achieve a reversible prognosis in childhood PRES. Future studies specially designed for the child population are required to determine potential outcome predictors, and further, to develop novel strategies of neuroprotection in childhood PRES.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fped.2020.00585/fullposterior reversible encephalopathy syndromehypertensionseizuresneuroimgagingchildhood |
| spellingShingle | Tai-Heng Chen Tai-Heng Chen Tai-Heng Chen Tai-Heng Chen Childhood Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome: Clinicoradiological Characteristics, Managements, and Outcome Frontiers in Pediatrics posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome hypertension seizures neuroimgaging childhood |
| title | Childhood Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome: Clinicoradiological Characteristics, Managements, and Outcome |
| title_full | Childhood Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome: Clinicoradiological Characteristics, Managements, and Outcome |
| title_fullStr | Childhood Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome: Clinicoradiological Characteristics, Managements, and Outcome |
| title_full_unstemmed | Childhood Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome: Clinicoradiological Characteristics, Managements, and Outcome |
| title_short | Childhood Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome: Clinicoradiological Characteristics, Managements, and Outcome |
| title_sort | childhood posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome clinicoradiological characteristics managements and outcome |
| topic | posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome hypertension seizures neuroimgaging childhood |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fped.2020.00585/full |
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