Cross-cultural and factorial validity of PTSD check list—military version (PCL-M) in Sinhalese language
Background: There are currently no validated instruments to assess the burden of combat-related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Sinhalese—the main spoken language in Sri Lanka. Objective: The purpose of this research was to establish the cross-cultural and structural validity of t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2013-02-01
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| Series: | European Journal of Psychotraumatology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.eurojnlofpsychotraumatol.net/index.php/ejpt/article/view/19707/pdf_1 |
| _version_ | 1818875517862936576 |
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| author | Saveen N. Semage Sivagurunadan Sivayogan David Forbes Meaghan O'Donnell Roshan M. M. Monaragala Emma Lockwood David Dunt |
| author_facet | Saveen N. Semage Sivagurunadan Sivayogan David Forbes Meaghan O'Donnell Roshan M. M. Monaragala Emma Lockwood David Dunt |
| author_sort | Saveen N. Semage |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: There are currently no validated instruments to assess the burden of combat-related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Sinhalese—the main spoken language in Sri Lanka. Objective: The purpose of this research was to establish the cross-cultural and structural validity of the PTSD Check List—Military Version (PCL-M) translated into Sinhalese. Methods: Expert committee consensus generation as well as translation–back translation approaches were used to establish the semantic, conceptual, and content equivalence of the Sinhalese and English versions of the PCL-M. Four translations of each item were made. In the absence of any “gold standard” psychometric instrument in Sinhalese to establish the criterion validity for the PCL-M (SIN), the study utilized more informal checks for assessment of validity and Sri Lankan cutoffs for caseness for PTSD to establish the psychometric strength of the translated instrument along with standard reliability analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed on PCL-M scoring of a random sample of 1,586 soldiers to examine construct validity. Results: Thirteen of the 17 items were selected by popular vote, and the remaining 4 through discussion and consensus. Reliability measured by Cronbach's-α was 0.944 for the total scale and 0.812, 0.869, and 0.895 for the three DSM-IV sub-scales (re-experiencing, avoidance/numbing, and hyperarousal), respectively. The desired cutoff point for the translated instrument was determined to be 44. The five-factor model by Elhai et al. and the four-factor model by King et al. fitted best, demonstrating good fit to all three fit indices, while the four-factor model and the DSM-IV three-factor model by Simms et al. only had acceptable levels of fit for root mean squared error of approximation. χ2 difference test comparing the two better-fitting models suggests that the five-factor model by Elhai et al. has the better fit. Conclusion: The PCL-M (SIN) version is suitable for use in the study of PTSD in the Sri Lankan military forces, as judged by cross-cultural and construct validity as well as reliability. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T13:27:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8e535cf98fbb46c984486a1f858ad681 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2000-8066 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T13:27:46Z |
| publishDate | 2013-02-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Journal of Psychotraumatology |
| spelling | doaj.art-8e535cf98fbb46c984486a1f858ad6812022-12-21T20:19:30ZengTaylor & Francis GroupEuropean Journal of Psychotraumatology2000-80662013-02-01401810.3402/ejpt.v4i0.19707Cross-cultural and factorial validity of PTSD check list—military version (PCL-M) in Sinhalese languageSaveen N. SemageSivagurunadan SivayoganDavid ForbesMeaghan O'DonnellRoshan M. M. MonaragalaEmma LockwoodDavid DuntBackground: There are currently no validated instruments to assess the burden of combat-related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Sinhalese—the main spoken language in Sri Lanka. Objective: The purpose of this research was to establish the cross-cultural and structural validity of the PTSD Check List—Military Version (PCL-M) translated into Sinhalese. Methods: Expert committee consensus generation as well as translation–back translation approaches were used to establish the semantic, conceptual, and content equivalence of the Sinhalese and English versions of the PCL-M. Four translations of each item were made. In the absence of any “gold standard” psychometric instrument in Sinhalese to establish the criterion validity for the PCL-M (SIN), the study utilized more informal checks for assessment of validity and Sri Lankan cutoffs for caseness for PTSD to establish the psychometric strength of the translated instrument along with standard reliability analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed on PCL-M scoring of a random sample of 1,586 soldiers to examine construct validity. Results: Thirteen of the 17 items were selected by popular vote, and the remaining 4 through discussion and consensus. Reliability measured by Cronbach's-α was 0.944 for the total scale and 0.812, 0.869, and 0.895 for the three DSM-IV sub-scales (re-experiencing, avoidance/numbing, and hyperarousal), respectively. The desired cutoff point for the translated instrument was determined to be 44. The five-factor model by Elhai et al. and the four-factor model by King et al. fitted best, demonstrating good fit to all three fit indices, while the four-factor model and the DSM-IV three-factor model by Simms et al. only had acceptable levels of fit for root mean squared error of approximation. χ2 difference test comparing the two better-fitting models suggests that the five-factor model by Elhai et al. has the better fit. Conclusion: The PCL-M (SIN) version is suitable for use in the study of PTSD in the Sri Lankan military forces, as judged by cross-cultural and construct validity as well as reliability.http://www.eurojnlofpsychotraumatol.net/index.php/ejpt/article/view/19707/pdf_1PTSDPCL-MSri Lanka Armycross-cultural validationfactorial validity |
| spellingShingle | Saveen N. Semage Sivagurunadan Sivayogan David Forbes Meaghan O'Donnell Roshan M. M. Monaragala Emma Lockwood David Dunt Cross-cultural and factorial validity of PTSD check list—military version (PCL-M) in Sinhalese language European Journal of Psychotraumatology PTSD PCL-M Sri Lanka Army cross-cultural validation factorial validity |
| title | Cross-cultural and factorial validity of PTSD check list—military version (PCL-M) in Sinhalese language |
| title_full | Cross-cultural and factorial validity of PTSD check list—military version (PCL-M) in Sinhalese language |
| title_fullStr | Cross-cultural and factorial validity of PTSD check list—military version (PCL-M) in Sinhalese language |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cross-cultural and factorial validity of PTSD check list—military version (PCL-M) in Sinhalese language |
| title_short | Cross-cultural and factorial validity of PTSD check list—military version (PCL-M) in Sinhalese language |
| title_sort | cross cultural and factorial validity of ptsd check list x2014 military version pcl m in sinhalese language |
| topic | PTSD PCL-M Sri Lanka Army cross-cultural validation factorial validity |
| url | http://www.eurojnlofpsychotraumatol.net/index.php/ejpt/article/view/19707/pdf_1 |
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