Replacing Benzyl Chloride with a Lignin-degradation Product in Cellulose Etherification Decreases the Melting Point
A cellulose ether that is easier to melt than benzyl cellulose was produced from the lignin degradation product veratryl alcohol. Veratryl chloride and bromide were synthesized from the alcohol, and these two chemicals were used to react with Avicel® cellulose to form the novel cellulose ether verat...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
North Carolina State University
2022-11-01
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| Series: | BioResources |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BRJ/article/view/22161 |
| _version_ | 1827916023136780288 |
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| author | Mohamed Yahia Ola Sundman |
| author_facet | Mohamed Yahia Ola Sundman |
| author_sort | Mohamed Yahia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A cellulose ether that is easier to melt than benzyl cellulose was produced from the lignin degradation product veratryl alcohol. Veratryl chloride and bromide were synthesized from the alcohol, and these two chemicals were used to react with Avicel® cellulose to form the novel cellulose ether veratryl cellulose (VC). Spectroscopic characterisation techniques (1H NMR, FTIR) indicated the successful conversion of Avicel® cellulose to the cellulose ether VC, by both routes, at a degree of substitution of 1.4 to 1.6. Melting measurements of the VC samples showed a gradual softening from approximately 110 °C; the VC was melted below 200 °C. XRD analysis confirmed that the chemical treatments affect the degree of crystallinity. Size exclusion chromatography results showed that the products differ remarkably in molecular weight. The VC synthesized with veratryl chloride degraded almost twice as much as when veratryl bromide were used. The cellulose ethers were soluble in DMSO, DMAc, and CHCl3. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T03:08:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8e5373db7dd141ad9e749dd76f9ed608 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1930-2126 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T03:08:01Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | North Carolina State University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BioResources |
| spelling | doaj.art-8e5373db7dd141ad9e749dd76f9ed6082023-06-26T18:42:32ZengNorth Carolina State UniversityBioResources1930-21262022-11-01181161174163Replacing Benzyl Chloride with a Lignin-degradation Product in Cellulose Etherification Decreases the Melting PointMohamed Yahia0Ola Sundman1Helwan UniversityUmeå UniversityA cellulose ether that is easier to melt than benzyl cellulose was produced from the lignin degradation product veratryl alcohol. Veratryl chloride and bromide were synthesized from the alcohol, and these two chemicals were used to react with Avicel® cellulose to form the novel cellulose ether veratryl cellulose (VC). Spectroscopic characterisation techniques (1H NMR, FTIR) indicated the successful conversion of Avicel® cellulose to the cellulose ether VC, by both routes, at a degree of substitution of 1.4 to 1.6. Melting measurements of the VC samples showed a gradual softening from approximately 110 °C; the VC was melted below 200 °C. XRD analysis confirmed that the chemical treatments affect the degree of crystallinity. Size exclusion chromatography results showed that the products differ remarkably in molecular weight. The VC synthesized with veratryl chloride degraded almost twice as much as when veratryl bromide were used. The cellulose ethers were soluble in DMSO, DMAc, and CHCl3.https://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BRJ/article/view/22161veratryl cellulosemelting measurementscellulose etherdegree of substitutioncharacterisation techniquessize exclusion chromatography |
| spellingShingle | Mohamed Yahia Ola Sundman Replacing Benzyl Chloride with a Lignin-degradation Product in Cellulose Etherification Decreases the Melting Point BioResources veratryl cellulose melting measurements cellulose ether degree of substitution characterisation techniques size exclusion chromatography |
| title | Replacing Benzyl Chloride with a Lignin-degradation Product in Cellulose Etherification Decreases the Melting Point |
| title_full | Replacing Benzyl Chloride with a Lignin-degradation Product in Cellulose Etherification Decreases the Melting Point |
| title_fullStr | Replacing Benzyl Chloride with a Lignin-degradation Product in Cellulose Etherification Decreases the Melting Point |
| title_full_unstemmed | Replacing Benzyl Chloride with a Lignin-degradation Product in Cellulose Etherification Decreases the Melting Point |
| title_short | Replacing Benzyl Chloride with a Lignin-degradation Product in Cellulose Etherification Decreases the Melting Point |
| title_sort | replacing benzyl chloride with a lignin degradation product in cellulose etherification decreases the melting point |
| topic | veratryl cellulose melting measurements cellulose ether degree of substitution characterisation techniques size exclusion chromatography |
| url | https://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BRJ/article/view/22161 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mohamedyahia replacingbenzylchloridewithalignindegradationproductincelluloseetherificationdecreasesthemeltingpoint AT olasundman replacingbenzylchloridewithalignindegradationproductincelluloseetherificationdecreasesthemeltingpoint |