African Swine Fever Virus I267L Is a Hemorrhage-Related Gene Based on Transcriptome Analysis
African swine fever (ASF) is an acute and severe disease transmitted among domestic pigs and wild boars. This disease is notorious for its high mortality rate and has caused great losses to the world’s pig industry in the past few years. After infection, pigs can develop symptoms such as high fever,...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/2/400 |
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| author | Yuan Wen Xianghan Duan Jingjing Ren Jing Zhang Guiquan Guan Yi Ru Dan Li Haixue Zheng |
| author_facet | Yuan Wen Xianghan Duan Jingjing Ren Jing Zhang Guiquan Guan Yi Ru Dan Li Haixue Zheng |
| author_sort | Yuan Wen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | African swine fever (ASF) is an acute and severe disease transmitted among domestic pigs and wild boars. This disease is notorious for its high mortality rate and has caused great losses to the world’s pig industry in the past few years. After infection, pigs can develop symptoms such as high fever, inflammation, and acute hemorrhage, finally leading to death. African swine fever virus (ASFV) is the causal agent of ASF; it is a large DNA virus with 150–200 genes. Elucidating the functions of each gene could provide insightful information for developing prevention and control methods. Herein, to investigate the function of I267L, porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) infected with an I267L-deleted ASFV strain (named ∆I267L) and wild-type ASFV for 18 h and 36 h were taken for transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq). The most distinct different gene that appeared at both 18 hpi (hours post-infection) and 36 hpi was F3; it is the key link between inflammation and coagulation cascades. KEGG analysis (Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analysis) revealed the complement and coagulation cascades were also significantly affected at 18 hpi. Genes associated with the immune response were also highly enriched with the deletion of I267L. RNA-seq results were validated through RT-qPCR. Further experiments confirmed that ASFV infection could suppress the induction of F3 through TNF-α, while I267L deletion partially impaired this suppression. These results suggest that I267L is a pathogenicity-associated gene that modulates the hemorrhages of ASF by suppressing F3 expression. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of ASFV pathogenicity and potential targets for ASFV prevention and control. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:20:00Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:20:00Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-8e53b6d17bd24fb8847ccdc094af574c2024-02-23T15:28:26ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072024-02-0112240010.3390/microorganisms12020400African Swine Fever Virus I267L Is a Hemorrhage-Related Gene Based on Transcriptome AnalysisYuan Wen0Xianghan Duan1Jingjing Ren2Jing Zhang3Guiquan Guan4Yi Ru5Dan Li6Haixue Zheng7State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaAfrican swine fever (ASF) is an acute and severe disease transmitted among domestic pigs and wild boars. This disease is notorious for its high mortality rate and has caused great losses to the world’s pig industry in the past few years. After infection, pigs can develop symptoms such as high fever, inflammation, and acute hemorrhage, finally leading to death. African swine fever virus (ASFV) is the causal agent of ASF; it is a large DNA virus with 150–200 genes. Elucidating the functions of each gene could provide insightful information for developing prevention and control methods. Herein, to investigate the function of I267L, porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) infected with an I267L-deleted ASFV strain (named ∆I267L) and wild-type ASFV for 18 h and 36 h were taken for transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq). The most distinct different gene that appeared at both 18 hpi (hours post-infection) and 36 hpi was F3; it is the key link between inflammation and coagulation cascades. KEGG analysis (Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analysis) revealed the complement and coagulation cascades were also significantly affected at 18 hpi. Genes associated with the immune response were also highly enriched with the deletion of I267L. RNA-seq results were validated through RT-qPCR. Further experiments confirmed that ASFV infection could suppress the induction of F3 through TNF-α, while I267L deletion partially impaired this suppression. These results suggest that I267L is a pathogenicity-associated gene that modulates the hemorrhages of ASF by suppressing F3 expression. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of ASFV pathogenicity and potential targets for ASFV prevention and control.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/2/400African swine fever virusI267LhemorrhageF3tissue factor |
| spellingShingle | Yuan Wen Xianghan Duan Jingjing Ren Jing Zhang Guiquan Guan Yi Ru Dan Li Haixue Zheng African Swine Fever Virus I267L Is a Hemorrhage-Related Gene Based on Transcriptome Analysis Microorganisms African swine fever virus I267L hemorrhage F3 tissue factor |
| title | African Swine Fever Virus I267L Is a Hemorrhage-Related Gene Based on Transcriptome Analysis |
| title_full | African Swine Fever Virus I267L Is a Hemorrhage-Related Gene Based on Transcriptome Analysis |
| title_fullStr | African Swine Fever Virus I267L Is a Hemorrhage-Related Gene Based on Transcriptome Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | African Swine Fever Virus I267L Is a Hemorrhage-Related Gene Based on Transcriptome Analysis |
| title_short | African Swine Fever Virus I267L Is a Hemorrhage-Related Gene Based on Transcriptome Analysis |
| title_sort | african swine fever virus i267l is a hemorrhage related gene based on transcriptome analysis |
| topic | African swine fever virus I267L hemorrhage F3 tissue factor |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/2/400 |
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